HOA MIDTERMS

Parian

Chinese Traders Community

Cebu

Location of the first Spanish settlement led by Legaspi in 1565

Plaza Roma

Plaza Mayor of Intramuros

Miguel Lopez de Legaspi

- reached Cebu in 1565
- established Manila in 1571

Bullfights and Public Events

Activities done in the Plaza Roma

Bell Ring Distance

Determiner of the size of the Barangay

1797

When was the Plaza Roma converted into a garden.

Manila Cathedral

religious and spiritual center of Intramuros

Reduccion System

Forced scattered barangays into more compacr and larger communities

bajo dela campana

- people lived within this concept
- "under the bell"
- organizing towns within earshot of the church bell

Adobe stone

- stone used for the Manila Cathedral

Faces the Plaza, Oriented towards the Port

Facing and Orientation of Manila Cathedral

to facilitate religious conversion and cultural change

Objectives of the Reduccion System

Encomienda System

A system that promoted the concept of land as private property and land was divided into parcels

Palacio de Gobernador

Political and administrative center of the colony in Intramuros

Spanish Colonist

owners of the parcels of land under the Encomienda System
- mandated to "allocate, allot or distribute" the resources of the domain

Cabacera

- it means "head"
- core of the municipality

Barrios

adjacent baranggays of the Cabacera or Poblacion

Cabacera or Poblacion

Where the elites lived
Where people paid tributes

Cuadricula

dividing land into squares, streets and lots
- the use of this model of planning of towns was structured in a hieraechical way

Central Plaza as Focal Point and the Seat of Power

How does the cuadricula show hierarchy

Ordinance of 1573

Prescriptions for the foundations of Hispanic Colonial Towns

Marble Palace

other name of the Ayuntamiento

The Law of Burgos (1512)

- First legal attempt to regulate the treatment of Indigenous people under Spanish rule.
- Established the Enconmienda System
- Required indigenous people to be Christianized
- set rules for work hours, wages, and living conditions

New Laws of the Indies (1542)

- stronger effort to end Indigenous enslavement and reform the encomienda system
- Prohibited the enslavement, gradual abolition of the encomienda system, preventing new grants.
- Indians are protected directly from Spanish crown, establishing a stricter oversight to prevent mistreatment

Cabildo

- it means City Council
- it is housed by the Ayuntamiento

Manila Bay, Pasig River

The irregular shape of intramuros follows the natural contours of theese bodies of waters

Recopilacion

- law after Law of the Indies

64 hectares, 8ft, 22ft, 3-5km

Area Covered, Thickness, Height and Length of the defensive walls of Intramuros

Fort Santiago

key defensive structure of Intramuros that controlled the Pasig River access and served as first line of defense against naval attacks from Manila Bay.

Plaza Mayor, Focal Point

he main plaza or ______________ is the _____________ of a town

1.5

. Square or Rectangular/Oblong in shape, Length is ______ its width

Four Principal Streets

should radiate from the plaza, facing the four points of the compass

arcades

The Plaza should have _________ for merchants

smaller plazas

Churches are to be built on _________ for religious doctrination

Royal and Town Council House, Custom House, Arsenal

The __________,____________ and ___________ are to be assigned near the church.

privately owned

The remaining building lots are distributed to settlers be _________

Irrigated lands

Grazing lands and farm lots should be allocated, with priority for

Intramuros

it translates to "within the walls" or "inside the walls"

Baluerte de San Diego

Originally designed as a circular fort then later integrated into Intramuros' defensive Wall System

Bastion

Protruding Structure of the Baluarte de San Diego with facing flanks built along the cortina or curtain walls

Dilaw

Small Japanese Community

Quiapo

Developed as suburbs in Extramuros for native and mestizo population

Binondo

Established as the commercial hub in Extramuros where Chinese Merchants (Sangleys) Conducted Trade

Plaza de Armas

- other name of Plaza Independencia
- originally ysed as military training and parade ground

Oval

shape of Plaza de Armas

behind Fort San Pedro

Location of Plaza Independencia

Parish of Saint Vitalis

- other name of Cebu Metropolitan Cathedral

Basilica Minore del Santo Nino

- oldest stone church in the Philippines
- facing Plaza Independencia

Coral Stone and Adobe

Stone used to Construct the Basilica Minore del Santo Nino

Fort San Pedro

- triangular fortress built using coral stone
- features bastions at three corners similar to European fortification
- served as a Military Outpost and later a Prison

Grid System

Road system that allows for efficient and orderly expansion

Church of Our Lady of the Assumption

- in Santa Maria, Ilocos Sur

San Agustin Church

- in Paoay, Ilocos Norte

Sto. Tomas de Villanueva

in Miag-ao, Iloilo

Octagonal

Shape of the 4-floor bell tower of the Church of Our Lady of the Assumption

Bell Tower of San Agustin Church

This bell tower was used as
- an observation by the Katipuneros
- an observation by the guerrillas during Japanese Occupation

Bahay na Bato

Later period of Spanish Colonization, housing prototype combined elements with the indigenous and Hispanic building traditions.

Zabuan

-space between the entrance and the grand staircase
- carriageway
- first space you enter in the Bahay na Bato
- Party Space

Basa Mano

Windows of the Bahay na Bato

Ventanillas

Boards below the Window of the Bahay na Bato that can be opened

Caida

Hallway from the Staircase that leads you to the other spaces
- before the sala

Alhipe

rain water cistern

Asotea

Balcony Area above the Alhipe (rainwater cistern)