English Civil War :P

placeholder to show this occured here - not really any good info

King James I (1st ruler)

king from Scotland who inherited the english throne and knew little of English Politics

• hence he did not follow magna carta

King James Bible

edited version of bible that took out things that would’ve called out King Jame’s abuse of power into question 

James I clashes with Parliament on these 3 subjects:

• religion —> parliament were mostly puritans but James denied many of their requests abt religion

• money —> jame’s excessive spending habits angeredParliament

• foreign policy —→ Parliament criticized James I for making peace with Catholic Spain

Charles I

son of King James I, also believed in divine right and also clashed with parliament

Charles signed Petition of Right to get money. What was the Petition of Right?

a reiteration of the magna carta that made the king promise:

• No more forced loans

• No new taxes without the consent of Parliament

• No imprisonment without cause

• No housing soldiers in private homes

What did Charles do after getting $$ from parliament + signing petition of right?

he disbanded Parliament and ignored the Petition of Right

• established “special royal courts” that served to work in his favor

• appointed his own officials for gov.

• persecuted puritans

When did the Long Parliament meet?

1640 to 1660

Trial of Archbishop Laud and the Earl of Stafford (appointed officials) by Parliament

they were found guilty of abuse of power

• led to abolishment of special courts

• led to passing of bill that declared King Charles a "tyrant”

What led to official start of English Civil War?

Charles I attempts to arrest five members of Parliament

Two parties in Civil War:

• Cavaliers - supported the King

  • aka royalists - in the west

• Roundheads - supported Parliament 

  • Mostly puritans

  • aka Parliamentarians - east

Oliver Cromwell’s role against Charles

he led Parliament’s army to the victory of capturing Charles I

Republic is formed when…

House of Commons abolished the House of Lords and the monarchy after King Charles execution

Oliver Cromwell’s role after he became leader of the English Republic 

he became a dictator and gave himself the title “Lord Protector”

• enforced strict Puritan rules (no singing, dancing, etc on Sundays)

• newspapers made illegal

• crushed spread of ideas to stop them from questioning him

England becomes a limited Monarchy - who rules it?

the Stuarts (royal family - James, Charles yk)

 Charles II

asked to return to take throne by parliament

• he respects Magna Carta + repeals bad laws

• religious tolerance of catholics

Test Act

set in place by parliament = all people holding public office had to belong to the Anglican Church

Political Parties during time of limited monarchy:

1. Tories = usually supporters of the King and Anglican Church 

2. Whigs = usually wanted to strengthen Parliament and tolerate Protestants 

Exclusion Act

parliaments attempt to stop James from becoming king and making England Catholic

Habeas Corpus Act 

 tories defeated the Exclusion Act with this…

• another reiteration of magna carta talking abt right to trial and stuff

Glorious revolution - A bloodless revolution

King James II inherits the throne, but after realizing his lack of support he flees

William and Mary

previous rulers of the netherlands who became new leaders of England

• signed the Bill of Rights which ensured Parliament’s power and English liberties!