Class 16 - Topic 8 - Audition

audition is like

vision

auditory cortex is _____ organized

topographically

tonotopy

organized by sound frequency

vision and audition are..

interchangeable

speech

conceptual knowledge ——> production

hearing

conceptual knowledge ←—— sensation

where the cortical auditory system begins

A1 of the superior temporal sulcus (STS)

pathways of the cortical auditory system

dorsal stream, ventral stream

dorsal stream

speech production (‘audition for action’)

ventral stream

speech comprehension (‘audition for understanding’)

each pathway is _______ organized

hierarchially

direction of dorsal pathway

anterior and dorsal

complexity = sound formation → mouth movements

direction of ventral pathway

posterior and ventral

complexity = sound perception → conceptual understanding

final stage of dorsal pathway

mouth/tongue regions of m1

final stage of ventral pathway

concept areas of ATL

amplitude

how high the waves are, determines loudness

frequency

how far apart the waves are, determines pitch

outer ear

sound waves are focused and amplified

eardrum (the middle ear)

vibrates in response to sound waves

cochlea (inner ear)

converts vibrations into neural signals

phonemes

smallest unit of sound in language

morphemes

smallest unit of meaning in language