DCF Child Care 40 Hour Certification- Child Growth and Development (Florida) 2016

Growth

specific body changed and increases in the child's size

Babies can grow ___ inches in length and triple their birth weight

10

How many inches will a child grow per year after their first year?

5 per year until about age 3

How many inches will a child grow after 3 years?

2-3 inches per year

Girls enter puberty between

8 and 13

Boys enter puberty between

10 and 15

Growth proceeds

head to toe

center out

Children gain control of __________ first, then arms and legs

head and neck

Are the brain, heart and spinal cord fully functioning at birth?

yes

As children grow they gain control of their arm and leg muscles, then finger and toe

Gain control of big, general muscles then refine the skills

Principles of Child Development

1) Sequence is similar for all

2) Proceeds from general to specific

3) Development is continuous

4) Proceeds at different rates

5) All areas of development are interrelated

Developmental sequences is similar for all

you crawl before you walk, even though the time it takes to crawl may vary

Development proceeds from general to specific

large muscles develop first, they learn to control those. then smaller muscles develop and they learn to control those.

Development is continuous

children continue to add new behaviors and skills as they perfect abilities. ie: gurgles to coos to chattering to words to phrases to sentences

Development proceeds at different rates

Each child is different. ie: some children will walk at 10 months and some at 18

All areas of development are interrelated

6 domains of development effect one another as children learn new skills and abilities

How many brain cells are there at birth?

100 billion

Synapse

connection between 2 nerve cells

developmental disability

a chronic condition that is diagnosed in childhood and substantially limits major life activities in adulthood

autism

a group of brain based neurological disorder characterized by social impairments, communication difficulties, and restricted and repetitive patterns of behavior

down syndrome

a genetic disorder that results in a number of physical characteristics and intellectual impairments

Prevention

stops challenging behaviors before they begin

Redirection

used to guide children's behavior by recognizing challenging behavior at its earliest stages and taking steps to stop it from escalating

Positive Reinforcement

desired behaviors are rewarded so that the child is encouraged to repeat them

Theory

a set of facts or principles analyzed in relation to one another and used to explain phenomena (a fact or behavior that can be observed)

Abraham Maslow

Hierarchy of Needs

Erik Erikson

8 Conflicts in Emotional Development

(ERIKSON has 8 letters, E stands for emotional = the emotional 8)

Jean Piaget

4 Stages of Cognitive Development

(Jean has 4 letters)

Sensorimotor

sensory perception

0-2

PreOperational

thinking is based on how things are perceived rather than logic

2-7

Concrete Operational

thinking is rational

7-11

Formal Operations

thinking becomes abstract

11+

Lev Vygotsky

Sociocultural Theory of Cognitive Development

Think of Victor on a bicycle. As he learns to ride he has help at first and then less as he becomes more skilled. Adults and other children help him learn.

Heredity

passing down of genetic characteristics from parents to their children

Temperament

prevailing or dominant quality that characterizes a person

Personality

the totality of a person's attitudes, interests, behavioral patterns, emotional responses, social roles and individual traits that endure over long periods of time

Children's development progresses in

fits and starts

A child grows and learns as a

whole, not in bits and pieces

Physical Health

typical growth patterns, changes in weight and height, general health and safety, visual perception, hearing and understanding the roles of health care professionals

Motor Development

a child's ability to move about and control various body parts. Grasping, rolling over, sitting up, hopping on one foot, writing their names and using tools for tasks

Social and Emotional

a broad area that focuses on how children feel about themselves and their relationships. Refers to individual behaviors and responses

Approaches to learning

refers to a child's eagerness to learn. Curiosity, persistence, creative problem solving and the ability to create and complete long-term projects

The brain is composed of ___% of water

90%

Scaffolding

Initially a person interacting with the child assumes more responsibility for guiding the learning. As the child learns, the responsibility is gradually transferred to them.

Reciprocal Teaching

dialogue between child care professional and child in which participants take turns taking on the role of teacher. encourages a conversation between children and the adult

6 developmental domains

Zone of proximal development

how far the difference is between doing something with help from an adult or peer to doing it by themselves