CHRA Labor Standards and Human Resource Management Reviewer

Comprehensive flashcards covering Philippine labor standards, recruitment strategies, training methods, compensation administration, and performance appraisal systems based on the CHRA reviewer notes.

Labor Standard

The Philippine Law that provides the minimum requirements regarding work conditions, work hours, wages, benefits, and other employment conditions that are being implemented by the management.

Labor Relations

The goal of striking a proper balance between the protection of worker rights versus the exercise of management prerogatives to achieve industrial peace.

Section 3. Art. 13

Constitutional provision stating the state shall promote full protection of labor, promote full employment, equality of employment opportunities, and guarantee the right to self-organization and security of tenure.

Article 4 Construction in favor of labor

A provision stating all doubts in the implementation and interpretation of the Labor Code shall be resolved in favor of labor.

The four-fold test

Criteria to determine an employer-employee relationship: Selection and engagement, Payment of wages, Power of dismissal, and the Control test.

Control test

The most important element of the four-fold test for identifying an employer and employee relationship.

Min wage

The lowest amount of wage that an employer will pay to an employee, serving as a floor for negotiation.

Night Shift Differential

Compensation of not less than $10\%$ if an employee works between $10\text{am}$ to $6\text{am}$.

13th Month pay

Mandatory payment under PD No. 851, calculated as $\frac{1}{12}$ of the basic salary of an employee within the calendar year, due not later than Dec 24.

Service Incentive Leave

A yearly leave of 5 days with pay for every employee who has rendered at least 1 year of service according to PD 442, Art 95.

R. A No. 9710

Sec. 18. Special Leave Benefits for Woman; provides 2 months leave with full pay following surgery caused by gynecological disorders for those with 6 months service in the last 12 months.

RA No. 8187

Paternity Leave Act of 1996; provides 7 days with full pay for the first four deliveries of a legitimate spouse.

RA 9262

Anti-violence against women and their children act of 2004; provides paid leave of absence up to 10 days.

RA No. 11210

Expanded Maternity Leave; provides 105 days paid leave for live birth, with an additional 15 days for solo parents.

Retirement Pay

Entitlement of $\frac{1}{2}$ month salary for every year of service upon reaching age 60 or 65, where a fraction of 6 months is considered one whole year.

Human Resource Management (HRM)

A relatively new approach to managing people in any organization involving acquisition, development, motivation, and maintenance of human resources.

Blue-collar workers

Personnel working on machines and engaged in loading, unloading, and similar manual tasks.

White-collar workers

Clerical employees, managerial and non-managerial personnel, and professionals.

Human Resource Planning

The process of determining manpower requirements and the means for meeting those requirements to carry out the integrated plan of the organization.

HR Information System (HRIS)

A system that maintains, collects, and analyzes data relating to human resources, including employee abilities, age, pay scales, and organizational policies.

Recruitment

The first stage in selection; the process of attracting people to apply and making vacancies known to potential applicants.

Multistage Selection Strategy

A screening process that combines several assessment tools, where HR must validate each tool's relationship to the requirements of the open position.

Human Resource Development (HRD)

Focuses on both training employees for current jobs and developing skills for future roles, including 360-degree reviews and career coaching.

Job Rotation

An on-the-job training method where a trainee is rotated periodically from one job to another to broaden their background and stimualte a cooperative attitude.

Vestibule Training

A training method where actual work conditions, machines, and tools are created in a classroom or workshop environment.

Compensation Plan (CP)

An orderly scheme under RA No. 6758 for determining rates of compensation for government personnel to attract and retain qualified people.

Base Pay

The cash that an employer pays for the work performed, excluding add-ons and incentives.

Wages

Hourly rates of pay regulated by the Labor Standards of the DOLE and the National Wages and Productivity Committee (NWPC).

Salaries

Annual or monthly calculations of pay usually paid to managers and professionals that have less relation to hours worked.

Defined-benefit plans

Retirement plans where the employer promises a fixed pension level, either as a dollar amount or a percentage of earnings scaled to seniority.

Performance appraisal

The systematic evaluation of an individual with respect to his performance on the job and his potential for development.

Manning Comparison Method

Also known as the Factor Comparison Method; personnel are compared to a key man in respect of one factor at a time, such as leadership or initiative.

Behaviorally Anchored Rating Scales (BARS)

Rating scales whose scale points are determined by statements of effective and ineffective behavior varying from least to most effective.

Management by Objective (MBO)

A process developed by Peter F. Drucker in 1954 where superior and subordinate managers jointly identify common goals and define major areas of responsibility.

Stereotyping

A limitation of performance appraisal implying the formation of a mental picture of a person based on age, sex, caste, or religion.

Job Analysis

A systematic study of how a job discovers its specifications and skill requirements for purposes such as wage-setting or recruitment.

Job Description

A list of a job's duties, responsibilities, reporting relationships, working conditions, and supervisory responsibilities.

Job Specification

A list of human requirements such as requisite education, skills, and personality which is a product of job analysis.