C Badia, Jordan - Case study at a local scale where desertification has occured
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8 Terms
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Where is Badia located?
1. Desert region of eastern Jordan
2. It extends into Middle Eastern countries such as Syria and Iraq
2. It extends into Middle Eastern countries such as Syria and Iraq
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How much rainfall does Badia receive each year?
1. Less than 150mm
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What caused desertification in Badia?
1. Following 1991 Gulf War large numbers of cheap sheep were available from Iraq. Local Jordanise farmers bought hundreds leading to overgrazing of the Tal Rimah Hilllands which tipped the ecological balance
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What was were the impacts of desertification on the environment and on local communities?
1. Desertified land became unproductive and the grazing pasture became abandoned causing many farmers to migrate to the capital Amman.
2. rural depopulation resulted in negative impacts on provision of service such as schools and shops.
2. rural depopulation resulted in negative impacts on provision of service such as schools and shops.
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How has the process of desertification been reversed in Badia?
1. 2002 Tal Rimah Rangeland project began with funding from USAID and the US Forestry service- aimed to turn wasteland into sustainable productive land following discussions with local farmers.
2. Stone walls were constructed to retain water which is then diverted into shallow ditches via contours where drought tolerant Atriplex shrubs are planted
3. Atriplex are suited to the hostile environment:
- Grow quickly
- Provide fuel for firewood
- Roots prevent soil degredation
- Increase species diversity by increasing habitats
2. Stone walls were constructed to retain water which is then diverted into shallow ditches via contours where drought tolerant Atriplex shrubs are planted
3. Atriplex are suited to the hostile environment:
- Grow quickly
- Provide fuel for firewood
- Roots prevent soil degredation
- Increase species diversity by increasing habitats
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What evidence is there that the Tal Rimah Rangeland project has been successful?
1. By 2008 sheep were introduced to test the projects effectiveness
2. 2004-2008 plant and animal species increased from 21-54
3. Flowering plants attract butterflies and other insects
4. Birds nest in shrubs
5. Animals and reptiles returning to area
6. Farmers once again make a living from area
2. 2004-2008 plant and animal species increased from 21-54
3. Flowering plants attract butterflies and other insects
4. Birds nest in shrubs
5. Animals and reptiles returning to area
6. Farmers once again make a living from area
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Why is it important to involve the local population at all stages of trying to reverse desertification?
1. Ensures the locals buy into the project as they are the ones managing it
2. Without cooperation from locals the low stone walls would not have succeeded.
2. Without cooperation from locals the low stone walls would not have succeeded.
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Give an example of resilience, adaptation and mitigation in Badia?
1. Resilience= Locals resisted the temptation to return to the land too soon.
2. Mitigation= Atriplex plants were planted to hold the soil together and prevent further degradation
3. Adaptation= Farming techniques adapted to prevent further degradation.
2. Mitigation= Atriplex plants were planted to hold the soil together and prevent further degradation
3. Adaptation= Farming techniques adapted to prevent further degradation.