Reproductive Hormones Random Flashcards

Flashcards based on lecture notes about Reproductive Hormones and related topics.

GnRH (Gonadotropin-releasing hormone)

Hormone that stimulates the Pituitary Gland.

FSH – Follicular Stimulating Hormone

Stimulates follicular maturation, maturation of the egg.

LH – Luteinizing Hormone

Stimulates follicular maturation, maturation of the egg and oocyte release

Progesterone

Made by the corpus luteum and is released when the follicle is released.

Estrogen

Defines females, primary sex hormone for females, and is important for sex characteristics and reproduction.

Estrogen Forms

Estradiol, estrone, and estriol.

Estrogen

Increase bone deposition and are beneficial to Brain, Kidney, skin and vasculature

Progestins

Provide breast development and increases endometrial lining thickness with Estrogen.

Progestins

Inhibits GNRH, FSH, and LH.

Hormone Contraception

Estrogens and Progestins taken on Day 5 of cycle through day 21 to prevent pregnancy

Cancer Adverse effect of hormonal contraception

HPV

Hypertension: Adverse effect of hormonal contraception

Risk increases with age, dose and length. BP should be monitored

Hormone Contraceptives MOA

Progestin and Estrogens at a high level prevent ovulation.

Monophasic

Constant Estrogen and Progestin

Bi-Phasing

Constant Estrogen and 2 levels of Progestins

Tri Phasic

Estrogen and Progestins change in 3 distinct phases in the pill

Quad Phasic

4 phases

Mini Pill

Progestins only

Medroxyprogesterone (Depo Provera)

Intermuscular injection lasting 3 months.

Subdermal implant

Last 3 years.

Transdermal Patch

3x per cycle 7-day duration

Vaginal – NuvaRing

Estrogen and Progestins, 3 Weeks

Intrauterine – IUD

Up around Cervix

Levonorgestrel (Plan B)

Prevents implantation

Mifepristone with misoprostol

RU486. Chemical Abortion

Mifepristone

Cause the placenta to separate from the endometrium; softens the cervix and causes some uterine contractions.

Misoprostol

Major Uterine Contractions and Expel the fetus

HRT - Hormone Replacement Therapy

A combination of estrogen and progestins OR Estrogen alone to delay post-menopausal symptoms

Amenorrhea

No menses, no period. Could be due to low body fat

Endometriosis

Endometrium elsewhere in the body

Oligomenorrhea

Infrequent Menses’

Menorrhagia

Excessive or prolonged menses

Breakthrough Bleeding

Bleeding between periods

Oxytocic

Increase uterine contractions

Tocolytics

Decrease Uterine Contractions