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Urine collection methods
free catch
Catheterization
cystocentesis
bladder expression
Voided/free catch
Limited diagnostic value, contamination by distal genital tract
not used for samples needing bacteriologic examination
Can see increased WBC count, from distal tract inflammation
Catheterization
sterile procedure
may need sedation
avoid first portion collected, may have increased RBCs and epithelial cells
Cystocentesis
Sterile, first choice for culture and sensitivity testing
can be done standing, ventral or lateral recumbency
May have increased RBCs because of needle insertion
22-20 G needle with 10ml syringe
Storage and handling
analyze within 30 mins to an hour, refrigerate for up to 6-12 hours if cannot analyze right away
Refrigeration can affect specific gravity so ideal to do before
crystals form when urine cools
unrefrigerated can lead to bacteria growth, increased pH, breakdown of RBCs and casts