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Variable Phases
There are three phases to the testing process
Pre-Analytical
Analytical
Post-Analytical
Pre-Analytical
Variables that may affect results before the specimen is analyzed
Analytical
Variables that may affect results while the specimen is analyzed
Post-Analytical
Variables that may affect results after the specimen is analyzed
Pre-Analytical Phase
Part of the testing process that encompasses:
Test requesting, patient preparation, sampling, sample transport and delivery to the lab, and sample handling before analysis
Most vulnerable part of total testing process; 2/3 of all lab error
Many steps performed outside of the lab and lab supervision
Many individuals are involved in various steps; Different levels of education and professional background
ISO 15189
Medical laboratory responsible for management and quality of pre-examination phase
Right sample from right person at right time
Correct results provided in a timely manner