Uncertainties and equations of motion

scale reading uncertainty

an indication of how precisely and instrument scale can be read

random uncertainty

when measurements are repeated and slight variations occur

systematic uncertainty

when reading taken are either all too small or all too large

scalar quantities

• distance

• time

• mass

• energy

• speed

vector quantities

• displacement

• acceleration

• weight

• force

• velocity

acceleration

change in velocity in a unit of time

gravitational field strength

the force on a unit mass placed in the field

horizontal assumptions

• no forces

• constant velocity

• acceleration = 0

vertical assumptions

• only the force of gravity

• velocity is changing at a constant rate

• acceleration = (-)9.8ms^-1

universal constant of acceleration (G)

6.67 × 10^-11 m³kg^-1s^-2

Newton’s Law of gravitation

the gravitational attraction between two objects is directly proportional to to the mass of each object and is inversely proportional to the square of their distance apart

bouncing ball graphs

horizontal component of velocity

cosθ*hyp

vertical component of velocity

sinθ*hyp