Describe neuroglia and state their function.

Oligodendrocytes

Form myelin in the CNS

Ependymal cells

Produce cerebrospinal fluid

Astrocytes

Form the blood-brain barrier, regulate composition of CSF, and form scar tissue

Microglia

Provide protection by seeking and removing damaged cells, debris, and pathogens

Schwann cells

Form myelin in the PNS and help damaged myelinated axons regenerate

Satellite cells

Regulate the chemical environment of ganglia in the PNS

Schwann cells and Satellite cells

They're both PNS

Oligodendrocytes

These wrap around the axons of neurons in the CNS

Ependymal cells

line fluid-filled cavities and spaces in the CNS.

Cilia

are responsible in part for the circulation of the fluid on the ependymal cells

Astrocytes

most numerous neuroglia in the CNS

Astrocytes

They have a somewhat star-shaped appearance and have several functions.

Astrocytes

They cover the nonmyelin portions of neurons and blood vessels in the CNS, forming a blood-brain barrier.

blood-brain barrier

This barrier allows astrocytes to regulate what can leave the bloodstream to enter the CNS, protecting the CNS from potentially toxic chemicals.

Astrocytes

regulate the contents of the cerebrospinal fluid by absorbing excess neurotransmitters and potassium ions.

sclerosis

process if a neuron in the CNS becomes damaged, astrocytes fill the space with scare tissue

Microglia

are small macrophages in the CNS that look for cell damage, debris, and pathogens. (responsible to remove them)

Schwann cells

forms one piece of myelin on one axon of one neuron.

neurolemma

The outermost layer of a Schwann cell is called

Schwann cells

responsible for helping the axon regenerate by secreting growth factors

Satellite cells

They help regulate the chemical environment of the neurons.