Teaching P.E. - Test 1 -_-

equipping children for the will of God

purpose of Christian P.E.

stewardship, sportsmanship, friendship, leadership

four areas of spiritual growth through P.E.

shared

In younger grades, position of leadership should be _______________.

earned

In older grades, positions of leadership should be ________________________.

Greeks

P.E. focused on strength, grace, and beauty of movement

Romans

P.E. focused on strength and physical training for military purposes

Enlightenment

17th-20th century; the purpose of P.E. was to train the body to enhance optimum intellectual development

Twentieth

in this century, the focus of P.E. shifted back to the mind-body balance held by the Greeks

personal health

emphasis of P.E. today

60 minutes

minimum amount of recommended daily activity

movement education

discovery-learning that focuses on problem-solving and exploration of movements

cognitive knowledge helps the student understand and improve physical skill and activities

benefit of conceptual learning in P.E.

cognitive knowledge cannot replace physical activity

drawback of conceptual learning in P.E.

academic integration

uses P.E. to teach academics via physical activities

National Association for Sport and Education

NASPE

guidelines

Growth patterns and physical development milestones are _________________________.

5-7

ages in which child averages 2 inches of growth a year

T

T/F: it is difficult for children to learn new skills during periods of rapid growth.

9-12

age at which girl’s growth spurt occurs

11-15

age at which boy’s growth spurt occurs

head, center

Skeletal growth proceeds from the _____________ to the feet, and from the ________________ outward.

activity, restlessness

marks muscle growth and development in children

absolute strength

strength without relation to body size

relative strength

strength in relation to body size, sometimes quantified as absolute strength divided by body weight

deadweight

term for extra fat

resting heart rate

number of heart beats per minute while a person is in a quiet resting place

count number of beats in 10 seconds, multiply by six

how to find heart rate

maximum heart rate

number of beats per minute during very strenuous exercise

heart rate recovery

how long it takes the heart to return to resting rate after activity

70-85% of max heart rate

heart rate training zone one must train in for 10-15 minutes a day to improve cardiorespiratory endurance

50-60%

heart rate zone for beginners/low fitness

60-70%

heart rate zone for intermediates

75-85%

heart rate zone for people advanced in fitness

rate of perceived exertion

RPE

minimum muscle contraction

maintains posture

kyphosis

round upper back

lordosis

hollow back

scoliosis

lateral curvature; the c-shape curves to the left

intensity

When a child is struggling in P.E., reduce the activity’s ___________________, not the duration.

hypokinetic

Obesity is linked to ___________________ diseases such as diabetes, high cholesterol, etc.

1/3

fraction of American children that are obese

F

T/F: Adults generate more metabolic heat than children.

limit duration, limit intensity, water, lightweight single-layered clothing

heat safety guidelines

60

accumulated daily activity minutes recommended

15

number of minutes daily of sustained physical activity

2

Discourage periods of inactivity lasting _____ hours or longer.

3-5

How often should level two (or active) activities be performed per week?

active aerobic, active sports and recreational activities

level 2 physical activities

2-3 times per week

how often level 3 activities should be performed

flexibility, strength

What kind of exercise is level 3 activity?

biomechanics

application of the laws of mechanics and physics to psychomotor skills to improve motor performance

balance

ability of the body to maintain a stationary position or to perform purposeful movements while resisting the force of gravity

over base of support

where the center of gravity should be to increase stability

force

effect one body has on another through a push or a pull

torque

twist or turn that accompanies some forces

slow

Increase force with a ______ contraction, especially for a pull.

speed

Increase the force of a push by increasing the __________ of the movement.

third-class levers

the majority of levers in the body are this type

third class

this kind of lever has the effort between the fulcrum and resistence

motion

any form of movement produced by a force

law of inertia

an object at rest will stay at rest unless acted upon by a force

law of acceleration

when an object is acted upon by a force, it will move in the direction of that force

law of action-reaction

for every action, there is an equal and opposite reaction

translatory

type of direction in which the whole body or object moves from one object to another

linear

translatory movement in a straight line

curvilinear

translatory movement in a curved line

rotary

non-translatory movement around an axis or fixed point

linear, rotary

most physical skills are a combination of these types of movements

45

ideal angle of release

axial bones

skull, spine, ribs

appendicular bones

arms, legs

hinge joint

can flex/extend in a single line of movement

knees, elbows, fingers

example of a hinge joints

ball-and-socket

joint with rotary movement in several directions

shoulder, hip

example of ball-and-socket joints

saddle

joint that can move in two directions without rotation; thumbs

pivot

joint where one bone rotates around another

top cervical vertebrae

example of a pivot joint

gliding

small, generally flat bones that slide past each other

vertebrae, wrist, ankle

example of a gliding joint

tendons

non-contracting tissue that connects the end of a muscle to a bone or ligament

cartilage

cushioning between the bone surfaces

synovial fluid

lubricates the space between the bones

ligaments

connect bones together across the joint spaces

smooth, cardiac

two kinds of involuntary muscles

muscle tone

the feeling of firmness in a relaxed muscle

fascicle

sheath encasing muscle fibers

fast twitch

FT; fast contracting muscles that can perform bursts of intense activity but fatigue quickly

slow twitch

ST; muscles able to endure longer periods of activity with less fatigue

arteries

carry blood away from the heart

veins

carry blood toward the heart

respiration

chemical process involving the absorption of oxygen, release of energy, and the elimination of carbon dioxide

aerobic exercise

activity when the cardiorespiratory system adequately meets the demands of the muscles and tissues

anaerobic exercise

activity performed through energy without sufficient oxygen

dairy

improves bone health and reduces the risk of osteoporosis

omega-3

promotes brain and nervous system health

carbohydrates

provide fuel for the body

insoluble fiber

aids digestion and reduces the risk for colon diseases

calcium

found in dairy and dark-green leafy vegetables

potassium

regulates fluid and mineral balance