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Cardiac muscle cells are…
Striated
Systole
Contraction of the heart’s chambers
Diastole
Relaxation of heart chambers
Sinoatrial node
Also known as pacemaker of the heart
Signal from the SA node reaches the…
Atrioventricular (AV) node
Signal from SA to AV node spreads throughout the heart via…
Purkinje fibers
Purkinje Fibres
Specialized heart muscle tissue
Ventricles begin diastole…
The AV valves open and ventricles start filling with blood
AV node cells have a smaller or bigger diameter?
Smaller diameter
Normal heart sounds are caused by the atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves…
Closing causing changes in blood flow
‘lub’ sound
When AV valves snap shut
‘dub’ sound
Semilunar valves close
Variables that can influence heart rate:
exercise, recovery from exercise, relaxation, breath holding, etc.
Artificial pace makers
Inserted into patients with a malfunctioning Sinoatrial node (part that initiates heartbeat)
Purpose of pacemaker
Maintain the rhythmic nature of the heart beat when the heart doesn’t beat fast enough or when there’s a fault in the heart’s electrical conduction system
Atherosclerosis
Hardening of arteries caused by the formation of plaques, or atheroma, on the inner lining of arteries
Note 
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