Option D.4

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Option D.4 - The heart

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16 Terms

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Cardiac muscle cells are…

Striated

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Systole

Contraction of the heart’s chambers

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Diastole

Relaxation of heart chambers

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Sinoatrial node

Also known as pacemaker of the heart

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Signal from the SA node reaches the…

Atrioventricular (AV) node

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Signal from SA to AV node spreads throughout the heart via…

Purkinje fibers

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Purkinje Fibres

Specialized heart muscle tissue

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Ventricles begin diastole…

The AV valves open and ventricles start filling with blood

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AV node cells have a smaller or bigger diameter?

Smaller diameter

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Normal heart sounds are caused by the atrioventricular valves and semilunar valves…

Closing causing changes in blood flow

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‘lub’ sound

When AV valves snap shut

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‘dub’ sound

Semilunar valves close

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Variables that can influence heart rate:

exercise, recovery from exercise, relaxation, breath holding, etc.

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Artificial pace makers

Inserted into patients with a malfunctioning Sinoatrial node (part that initiates heartbeat)

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Purpose of pacemaker

Maintain the rhythmic nature of the heart beat when the heart doesn’t beat fast enough or when there’s a fault in the heart’s electrical conduction system

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Atherosclerosis

Hardening of arteries caused by the formation of plaques, or atheroma, on the inner lining of arteries