comp sci principles test
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30 Terms
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**Internet**
Computer network that uses open protocols to standardize communication
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**Computer Network**
Interconnected system that is capable of sending or receiving data
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**Computing System**
Group of devices and programs working together for a common purpose
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**WWW (World Wide Web)**
A system of linked pages, programs, and files that uses that internet
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**Router**
A computer that passes information from one network to another
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**ISP (Internet Service Providers)**
Companies who sell internet access to homes and institutions
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**Bandwidth**
Maximum amount of data that can be sent in a fixed amount of time
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**The Cloud**
Storing it somewhere on the internet but unknown location
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**Path**
Connecting computer devices with a sender and receiver
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**Routing**
The process of finding a path from sender to receiver
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**Protocol**
Set of rules that specify the behavior of a system
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**IP Address**
Unique number assigned to each device on a computer network
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**Malware**
Software designed to harm or take partial control over a computer
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**Virus**
Type of malware that spreads and infects other computers
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**Firewall**
Security systems that controls the kinds of connections that can be made between a computer or network and the outside world
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**Phishing**
Very common attack where the victim is tricked into giving up personal information
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**Crowdsourcing**
General term for using the internet to get a lot of people to help solve a problem
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**Bit**
Single unit of data that can only have one of two values
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**Byte**
8 bits
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**Analog Data**
Values that change smoothly
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**Width**
Number of bits that a CPU processes at a time
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**Scientific Notation**
Uses powers of 10 to represent very large or small values
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**Floating Point**
Same idea but with powers of 2
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**Binary Sequence**
String of 1s and 0s
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**Sampling**
Measuring values, called samples, of an analog signal at regular intervals
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**Sampling Rate**
Number of samples measured per second
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**Citizen Science**
Scientific research conducted in whole or part by distributed individuals who contribute relevant data
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**Word**
Sequence of bits
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**Antivirus**
Software designed to scan files
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**Certificate Authorities**
Organizations that issue digital forms to verify who owns the keys used for communications