Earth-Sun-Moon System Scope Summative Review

rotation

spinning on an axis

revolution

moving around another object in space

axis

imaginary line that passes through the Earth's center from the North to the South

orbit

Earths path as it revolves around the sun

new moon

looks like darkness. has no light reflected

lunar cycle

A sequence of phases of the moon as it revolves around the Earth once every 29.5 days.

waxing

describes phases following a new moon, as more of the Moon's lighted side becomes visible

waning

describes phases that occur after a full moon, as the visible lighted side of the Moon grows smaller

season

a three-month period of weather change in an area caused by the tilt of Earth's axis as Earth revolves around the sun. (winter, summer, autumn, spring)

equinox

in spring and fall and the Earth has equal day and night

solstice

In summer and winter and the Earth has the longest day/shortest night or the shortest day/longest night

spring

Earth is not tilted toward or away from the Sun. This season comes after winter.

fall

Earth is not tilted toward or away from the Sun. This season comes after summer.

summer

The Northern Hemisphere of the Earth is tilted in toward the sun.

winter

The Northern Hemisphere of Earth is tilted away from the sun.

ellipse

The shape of Earth's orbit

lunar eclipse

when the shadow of Earth falls on the moon

solar eclipse

when the moon comes between Earth and the sun

23.5 degrees

the angle of tilt of Earth's rotation

counter clockwise

the direction of Earth's orbit of the sun

full moon

the phase of the moon when Earth is between the moon and sun

new moon

the phase of the moon when the moon is between Earth and sun

first quarter

this phase of the moon occurs about 7 days after a new moon

crescent

the moon's shape when less than half of it is illuminated

gibbous

the moon's shape when more than half is illuminated

moon phases

The changing appearances of the Moon as seen from Earth

waxing moon

When the Moon appears to get bigger

waning moon

When the Moon appears to get smaller

New Moon (picture)

waxing crescent (picture)

first quarter (picture)

waxing gibbous (picture)

full moon (picture)

waning gibbous (picture)

third quarter (picture)

waning crescent (picture)

Solar Eclipse

Occurs when the Moon passes directly between the Sun and Earth and casts a shadow over part of Earth

Lunar Eclipse

Occurs at a full moon when Earth is directly between the moon and the sun