1.37- 1.43, 1.48 Ions and ionic bonding

What makes an element reactive?

The less electrons, the more reactive

Definition of ionic bond

Strong electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions formed by transfer of electrons from one atom to another

What makes an element reactive?

The less electrons, the more reactive

Definition of ionic bond

Strong electrostatic force of attraction between oppositely charged ions formed by transfer of electrons from one atom to another

Ionic bonding happens between...

metal and non metal

metals always _____ electrons

lose

non-metals always ___ electrons

gain

Which are the transition metals

Groups 3-12

What is the charge of group 1?

1+

Charge of group 2

2+

Charge of group 3

3+

Charge of group 4

+/- 4

Charge of group 5

3-

Charge of group 6

2-

Charge of group 7 (halogens)

1-

Charge of group 8 (noble gases)

0

What is the symbol of hydroxide ion

OH-

Symbol of carbonate ion

CO3^2-

Symbol of nitrate ion

NO3^-

Symbol of sulphate ion

SO4^2-

Symbol of ammonium ion

NH4^+

Ionic lattice

repeating pattern of positive and negative ions forming an ionic compound

Are the melting/boiling points of ionic lattice low or high, why?

High, the bonds are very strong because of the electrostatic attraction between positive and negative ions so it takes a lot of energy to break them.

Properties of ionic lattice

Soluble in water, high boiling/melting point, brittle, conducts electricity when molten or aqueous, not as a solid

What are the positive (metal ions) and negative (non metal) ions called?

Cations and anions

How to find charge of a non metal from the group number

Group number - 8

How to write the formula of a ionic bond

Criss cross apple sauce the charges.

Why do giant ionic lattices have high melting and boiling points?

Because of the strong electrostatic forces of attraction between oppositely charged ions require a lot of energy to overcome

In what states do ionic compounds conduct and not conduct electricity?

Conduct when molten and in aqueous solution, do not conduct as solid

Molten meaning

Liquified

Why do simple molecular structures have low boiling and melting points?

The intermolecular forces are weak and require little energy to overcome

Why do the melting and boiling points of substances with simple molecular structures increase as the relative molecular mass increase?

Because larger molecules have more electrons, leading to stronger intermolecular forces