Neuro 20, 22, 24 Neoplasms and Neural Tube Disorders, Seizures, Neurocutaneous Disorders

how do you reduce edema with a high grade intracranial malignancy?

glucocorticoids!

what three types of cancers are most likely to metastasize to CNS?

Lung cancer, melanoma, breast cancer

true or false - meningiomas are highly malignant

false - typically benign neoplasm arising from meninges

what is the most common malignant primary brain tumor in adults? what about in children?

Glioblastoma - adults

Medulloblastoma - children

true or false - medulloblastomas typically arise from the medulla

FALSE; they typically arise in the cerebellum

what is the prognosis for glioblastomas?

they invariably recur 😢
10-12 months

what type of lymphoma is restricted to the brain, spinal cord, CSF, and/or eyes?

primary central nervous system lymphoma

what are b symptoms?

fever, night sweat, weight loss

What is the age criteria for febrile seizures?

6 months to 5 years

what kind of genetic abnormality does this person likely have (see image)

NF1

Cafe au lait, Crowe sign (intertriginous freckling), lisch sign

in what type of disorder that we learned about do they get “"bilateral vestibular schwannoma”

neurofibromatosis type 2

A 7-year-old boy is brought to the clinic for evaluation of developmental delay and behavioral concerns. His parents report that he has had frequent seizures since infancy. On examination, he has multiple hypopigmented macules scattered across his torso and limbs. Additionally, there is a characteristic facial appearance with fibrous growths on his nose and cheeks. An MRI of the brain reveals multiple cortical tubers and subependymal nodules. What is the most likely diagnosis?

A) Neurofibromatosis type 1
B) Tuberous sclerosis
C) Sturge-Weber syndrome
D) Hypoparathyroidism
E) Rett syndrome

B) Tuberous sclerosis

True or False - early diagnosis of encephalofacial angiomatosis is essential to save vision?

true - glaucoma can cause permanent blindness if not treated early