Dental Anatomy M2

What is the total number of teeth in a complete adult dentition?

32 teeth total - 8 incisors, 4 canines, 8 premolars, and 12 molars.

How many anterior teeth are there and what are their types?

12 anterior teeth - 8 incisors and 4 canines.

What surfaces do anterior teeth have?

Labial, lingual, mesial, and distal surfaces.

What surfaces do posterior teeth have?

Buccal, lingual, mesial, and distal surfaces.

Which teeth have facial, lingual, mesial, and distal surfaces?

All teeth.

What is the term for the surface of anterior teeth that faces the lips?

Facial or labial surface.

What is the term for the surface of posterior teeth that faces the cheeks?

Facial or buccal surface.

What do incisors and canines have that form their cutting edge?

Incisal edge.

What surface do premolars and molars have?

Occlusal surface.

Where is the height of contour located on the facial surface of all teeth?

In the cervical third.

What are anterior teeth made from?

3 labial/facial lobes and 1 lingual lobe.

What are posterior teeth made from?

3 buccal/facial lobes and 1 lingual lobe for each lingual cusp; molars are formed from 1 lobe for each cusp.

What are rounded protuberances on the incisal surface of newly erupted teeth called?

Mamelons.

What forms the mesial and distal borders on the lingual surface of posterior teeth?

Marginal ridges.

What runs from the cusp tip toward the center of the occlusal surface of the tooth?

Triangular ridge.

What is formed by two triangular ridges?

Transverse ridge.

Which ridge is only found on maxillary molars?

Oblique ridge.

What is unique about mandibular central incisors?

Its crown is almost symmetrical.

Which tooth has the lowest crown to root ratio?

Maxillary central incisor.

From the proximal view, where is the facial height of contour in all teeth located?

Cervical third.

What do anterior teeth have that posterior teeth don’t?

Incisal edge.

What do posterior teeth have that anterior teeth don’t?

Occlusal surface.

What is a distinctive feature of maxillary lateral incisors?

Deep, shovel-shaped lingual fossa with a pit.

Which type of maxillary teeth have more prominent lingual anatomy?

Maxillary incisors.

What is the shape of incisor roots?

Taper toward apex (cone-shaped), longer than crown, tilt toward the distal.

What is the labial/facial shape of incisors?

Rectangular; proximal shape triangular.

What does CEJ curve more on?

Curves more on the mesial than on the distal.

Which tooth is considered the most symmetrical tooth?

Mandibular central incisors.

Which tooth is larger than the mandibular central incisor?

Mandibular lateral incisor.

What age do maxillary 2nd premolars typically erupt?

Approximately 10 years.

How many lobes do canines develop from?

4 lobes.

At what age does the permanent maxillary canine erupt?

Approximately 11-12 years.

True or False: Permanent mandibular canines erupt at approximately 9-10 years.

True.

What shape is the canine crown when viewed from the proximal view?

Triangular (wedge).

What characteristics distinguish the mandibular canine from the maxillary canine?

Less prominent cingulum, mesial side is relatively straight, maxillary cusp tip is sharper.

Which canine has a sharper cusp tip?

Maxillary canine.

From which view is the maxillary canine crown shape pentagon?

Facial view.

On a mandibular canine, which cusp ridge is nearly horizontal?

Mesial cusp ridge.

Which canine is the longest tooth in the mouth?

Maxillary canine.

True or False: Canine teeth are larger mesiodistally than they are labiolingually.

False.

Which cusp ridge is longer on a mandibular canine?

Distal cusp ridge.

What is the geometric shape of a canine crown when viewed from the labial/facial?

Pentagon.

True or False: The maxillary canine has a prominent lingual ridge from the cusp tip to the cingulum.

True.

True or False: The prominent lingual ridge on the mandibular canine divides the lingual into two shallow fossae.

False.

Like all teeth, the facial height of contour on a canine tooth is in the ___ third.

Cervical.

On occasion, which canine root can be divided into labial and lingual roots?

Mandibular canine.

True or False: The distal side of a mandibular canine crown and root is relatively straight.

False.

True or False: A mandibular canine has less prominent cingulum.

True.

What is a transverse ridge made up of?

Two triangular ridges.

Which premolar can have a U, Y, or H groove pattern?

Mandibular 2nd premolar.

At what age do maxillary first premolars erupt?

10-11 years.

How many developmental lobes are in a maxillary first premolar?

4 - 3 buccal and 1 lingual.

True or False: Maxillary premolars look more alike than mandibular premolars.

True.

Which tooth is the maxillary right 1st premolar?

Maxillary right 1st premolar.

Which premolar is typically bifurcated?

Maxillary first premolar.

True or False: The mandibular 2nd premolar is smaller than the mandibular 1st premolar.

False.

What is depicted in the diagram showing a line?

Central groove.

What teeth do premolars replace?

Primary molars.

What are the two root branches of the maxillary 1st premolars?

Buccal and lingual.

What part of the mandibular first premolar is referred to as nonfunctioning?

Lingual cusp.

What tooth has a Y-shaped occlusal groove pattern?

Mandibular second premolar - three cusp type.

How many cusps does the mandibular 2nd premolar have?

2-3 cusps.

What is the clinical significance of maxillary 1st premolars?

Mesial root concavity - must watch for periodontitis.

What is a rule for mandibular first premolars?

Lingual cusps are quite smaller than buccal cusp.

Which tooth has a mesial cusp slope longer than the distal?

Maxillary 1st premolar.

True or False: Premolars have smaller crowns than anterior teeth.

True.

What tooth features a lingual groove extending from the central pit?

Mandibular second premolar (3 cusp type).

What is a transverse ridge?

Two triangular ridges put together.

Where do supplemental grooves extend from?

The central groove.

If a mandibular second premolar has three cusps, what are they called?

Mesiolingual, buccal, and distolingual.

At what age do mandibular 1st premolars erupt?

10-12 years.

At what age do mandibular 2nd premolars erupt?

11-12 years.

True or False: Maxillary 2nd premolars have shallow depressions on the mesial root surface.

True.

True or False: Maxillary 1st premolars are larger than maxillary 2nd premolars.

True.

Which premolar has a pronounced concavity on the cervical part of the mesial surface of the crown?

Maxillary first premolar.

Which tooth features a mesial marginal groove extending into the middle third of the crown?

Maxillary 1st premolar.

What are the distinguishing features of a mandibular 1st premolar?

Similar to a mandibular canine, non-functioning lingual cusp, lingual tilt of crown.

What is the outdated term for premolars?

Bicuspids.

How many roots do maxillary 1st premolars have?

2 roots.

When do maxillary 2nd premolars erupt?

10 years.

What unique characteristic does a mandibular first premolar have compared to other premolars?

A mesiolingual groove crossing onto the mesiolingual surface.

On mandibular 1st premolars, how does the mesiobuccal cusp ridge compare to the distobuccal cusp ridge?

The mesiobuccal cusp ridge is shorter.

Which lingual cusp of the mandibular 2nd premolar is the largest?

Mesiolingual (ML).

True or False: A maxillary first premolar can have one or two lingual cusps.

False.

How many lobes are present in maxillary 1st premolars?

1 lingual, 3 facial.

Maxillary 2nd premolars develop from how many lobes and have how many roots?

4 lobes and 1 root.

Which tooth is most likely to have a large buccal cusp and a much smaller non-functional lingual cusp?

Mandibular first premolar.