IELTS Vocabulary Review (Environment, Energy, Education, Work, and more)

Comprehensive vocabulary list covering IELTS topics including Environment, Energy, Education, Work, Health, Crime, Technology, Government, Transport, and Lifestyle.

put somebody/something in great danger

To cause someone or something to experience a situation of significant risk or threat.

on the verge of extinction

Being in a situation where a species is very close to disappearing forever.

hazardous gas emissions

Dangerous gases released into the atmosphere that can worsen global warming.

environmental degradation

The deterioration of the environment through the depletion of resources or damage to ecosystems.

proper waste disposal systems

Effective methods for managing and getting rid of waste materials safely.

illegal logging and forest clearance

The unlawful cutting down of trees and removal of forest areas.

combustion of fossil fuels

The process of burning fuels like coal, oil, or gas to produce energy.

radioactive waste

Byproducts from nuclear power plants that are dangerous and must be discharged safely.

non-renewable energy sources

Energy sources that cannot be easily replaced, such as fossil fuels, leading to depletion.

energy-efficient

Using less energy to perform the same task or provide the same level of service.

academic results

A student's performance or grades achieved in an educational setting.

take a gap year

The practice of taking a year-long break between school and university to travel or work.

distance learning programmes

Educational courses where students learn remotely without attending a physical classroom.

drop out of school

The act of leaving school before finishing a degree or qualification.

literacy rate

The percentage of people who are able to read and write in a specific area.

job satisfaction

The level of fulfillment or happiness an individual feels regarding their work.

climb the career ladder

The process of advancing to higher levels of responsibility and pay within a profession.

enter the labour market

Starting to look for work or beginning one's professional career after completing education.

sharpen one's skills and abilities

To improve or refine one's professional techniques and talents through practice or work.

cardiovascular diseases

Medical conditions that affect the heart and blood vessels.

insufficient physical activity

Not getting enough exercise, which can increase the risk of chronic illnesses.

detrimental to

Having a harmful or negative effect on something, such as health.

life expectancy

The average period that a person may expect to live.

deter somebody from doing something

To prevent or discourage someone from performing an action, such as committing a crime.

juvenile delinquency

Criminal behavior or illegal acts committed by young people or minors.

community service

Form of punishment where offenders perform unpaid work to benefit the local area.

reintegrate into society

The process of a former criminal returning to and becoming a productive member of the public.

artificial intelligence

The development of computer systems that can perform tasks normally requiring human intelligence.

video conferencing systems

Technology that allows people in different locations to hold face-to-face meetings online.

social networking sites

Online platforms used to interact and share information with others.

violation of privacy

An act that invades or reveals someone's personal information without their consent.

government intervention

Involvement by the government in a country's economy or specific social sectors.

progressive tax system

A tax method where the tax rate increases as the taxable amount or income increases.

wealth redistribution

The transfer of income and of wealth from some individuals to others through social mechanisms.

traffic congestion

A condition on transport networks that occurs as use increases, characterized by slower speeds and longer trip times.

congestion tolls

Fees charged to drivers who use roads in heavily congested areas at certain times.

urban dwellers

People who live in cities or urban areas.

urban sprawl

The uncontrolled expansion of urban areas into the surrounding countryside.

delay parenthood

When couples wait until they are older to have children.

nuclear families

A family unit consisting of two parents and their children, typically living apart from extended relatives.

primary breadwinner

The member of a family who earns most of the income to support the household.

minority languages

Languages spoken by a small group of people within a larger population, often endangered.

bilingual speakers

Individuals who are able to speak two languages fluently.

animal testing

The use of animals in scientific research to test the safety or efficacy of products and medicines.

sophisticated computer models

Advanced digital simulations used to test results without the use of live subjects.

throw-away society

A culture focused on consumerism where people discard items quickly and buy new ones.

increase brand awareness

The process of making more people recognize and remember a specific company or product.

genetically modified foods

Foods produced from organisms that have had their DNA altered through genetic engineering.

long shelf life

The ability of a food product to remain fresh and safe for consumption for an extended period.

plant-based diet

A diet consisting mostly or entirely of foods derived from plants.