Morality Lap 1 test

What makes an argument valid?

An argument is valid when the conclusion logically follows from the premises.

• If the premises are true, the conclusion must be true.

• Validity is about the logical structure, not whether the premises are actually true.

What makes an argument sound?

An argument is sound when:

1. It is valid, AND

2. All of its premises are true.

So: Sound = Valid + True Premises

Apparent goods: Pleasure

doesn’t last and end eventually it could be bad and harmful

Apparent goods: Honor

depend on other people, superficial (recognition)

Apparent goods: Wealth

Just useful, sake for something else money goes away

What is the ultimate goal?

Happiness (eudaimonia)- living a good and flourishing human life through virtue.

How are human beings created and by whom?

God created human beings in His image and likeness.

Humans are created as male and female, and God gives them responsibility over creation.

What is humanity’s ultimate purpose?

Human beings are meant to know, love and serve God while taking care of creation. Humans are commanede to be fruitful and multiply.

Morality

set of values of principles about what is right and wrong.

Ethics

philososphy behind moral decision making

Scripture

Scared writings, especially the bible.

tradition

Beliefs and teachings passed down through generations (saints)

Reason

Using logical thinking to understand truth and make decisions.

Nature:

What something is and the purpose built into its being.

Character

Someone is good and consistently chooses to do good.

Habit

formed by regular action, these become innate reactions to a situation repeat

Virtue

•  A good habit that helps a person choose right

• to know what is good and to enjoy doing good

Vice

A bad habit

(opposite of virtue) desires towards bad, good is not known (incurable)

Continence

Knowing what is right and choosing it even when you strongly desire something else.

Incontinence

• you know what is good and bad, yet you allow your feelings and desires to take over

Aristotle

Ancient Greek philosopher who taught about virtue and the good life.

Golden Means

The balanced point between cowadice and rashness

Excess

Having or doing to much of something

Deficiency

Having or doing too little of something.

Balanced Soul

A soul in which reason properly guides desire and emotions

Pleasure

A feeling of enjoyment or satisfaction

Wealth

Money and material possessions

Honor

Recognition or respect received from others

Happiness

For Aristoltle, living well and flourishing through virtue.

Eudaimonia (happiness)

Aristotle’s word for human flourishing or the truly good

The Good Life

A life lived well, guided by virtue and reason

Theological Anthropology

The study of what it means to be human in relation to God.