Kinesiology midterm muscles

biceps femoris

o: LH- ischial tuberosity SH- linea aspera and lateral supracondylar line of femur

I: lateral side of head of fibula

segmental innervation: L5, S1, S2

semitendinosus

o: ischial tuberosity

I: Superior part of medial surface of tibia (pes anserine of tibia)

segmental innervation: L5-S2

semimembranosus

o: ischial tuberosity

I: posterior part medial condyle of tibia

segmental innervation: L5, S1, S2

rectus femoris

o: AIIS; ilium superior to acetabulum

I: tibial tuberosity via the patella tendon

segmental innervation: L2, L3, L4

vastus medialis

o: intertrochanteric line of femur; medial lip of linea aspera of femur

I:tibial tuberosity via patella tendon

segmental innervation: L2, L3, L4

vastus lateralis

o: greater trochanter of femur; lateral lip of linea aspera of femur

I: tibial tuberosity via patella tendon

segmental innervation: L2, L3, L4

vastus intermedius

o: anterior and lateral surface of shaft of femur

I: tibial tuberosity via patella tendon

segmental innervation: L2, L3, L4

knee flexors

hamstring mm group

knee extensors

quadriceps mm group

hip flexors

psoas major, iliacus (iliopsoas), rectus femoris, and sartorius

psoas major

o: transverse process of lumbar vertebrae; side bodies of T12-S1 vertebrae

I: lesser trochanter of femur

segmental innervation: L1, L2, L3

iliacus

o: superior iliac fossa; ala of sacrum; iliac crest; anterior sacroiliac ligaments

I: lesser trochanter of femur; tendon of psoas major muscle

segmental innervation: L2, L3

sartorius

o: ASIS- anterior superior iliac spine of ilium bone

I: superior medial surface of tibia (pes anserine)

segmental innervation: L2,L3

hip extensors

hamstrings, gluteus maximus, adductor magnus

gluteus maximus

o: ilium posterior to posterior gluteal line; posterior surface of sacrum and coccyx; sacrotuberous ligament

I: iliotibial tract, inserts in lateral condyle of tibia; gluteal tuberosity of femur

segmental innervation: L5, S1,S2

adductor magnus

o: AH- inferior ramus of pubis; ramus of ischium HH- ischial tuberosity

I: AH- gluteal tuberosity, linea aspera of femur HH- adductor tubercle of femur

segmental innervation: AH- L2,L3,L4 HH- L4

hip abduction

tensor fasciae latae, gluteus medius, gluteus minimus

tensor fasciae latae

o: ASIS- anterior superior iliac spine of ilium bone; anterior part of iliac crest

I: gerdys tubercle via iliotibial tract

segmental innervation: L4, L5, S1

gluteus medius

o: external surface of ilium between anterior and posterior gluteal lines

I: lateral surface of greater trochanter of femur

segmental innervation: L4, L5, S1

gluteus minimus

o: external surface of ilium between anterior and inferior gluteal lines

I: anterior surface of greater trochanter of femur

segmental innervation: L4, L5, S1

hip adduction

adductor longus, adductor brevis, adductor magnus, gracilis, pectineus

adductor longus

o: body of pubis inferior to pubic crest

I: middle of linea aspera of femur

segmental innervation: L2, L3, L4

adductor brevis

o: body and inferior ramus of pubis

I: pectineal line of femur; proximal linea aspera of femur

segmental innervation: L2, L3, L4

gracilis

o: body and inferior ramus of pubis

I: superior part of medial surface of tibia (pes anserine of tibia)

segmental inenrvation: L2, L3

pectineus

o: superior ramus of pubis

I: pectineal line of femur, inferior to lesser trochanter

segmental innervation: L2, L3

hip external rotation

gluteus maximus (assists), piriformis, obturator internus, obturator externus, gemellus superior, gemellus inferior, quadratus femoris

piriformis

o: anterior surface of 2nd-4th sacral segments; superior margin of greater sciatic notch; sacrotuberous ligament

I: superior border of greater trochanter of femur

segmental innervation: S1, S2

obturator internus

o: pelvis surface of ilium and ischium; obturator membrane

I: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

segmental innervation: L5, S1

obturator externus

o: margins of obturator foramen and obturator membrane

I: trochanteric fossa of femur

segmental innervation: L3, L4

gemellus superior

o: ischial spine

I: medial surface of great trochanter of femur

segmental innervation: L5, S1

gemellus inferior

O: ischial tuberosity

I: medial surface of greater trochanter of femur

segmental innervation: L5, S1

quadratus femoris

o: lateral border of ischial tuberosity

I: quadrate tubercle of intertrochanteric crest of femur

segmental innervation: L5, S1

hip internal rotators

gluteus minimus, gluteus medius, tensor fasciae latae

dorsiflexors

tibialis anterior, extensor digitorum longus, extensor hallucis longus, fibularis tertius

tibialis anterior

o: lateral condyle of tibia; superior lateral surface of tibia; interosseous membrane

I: medial and inferior surface of medial cuneiform; base of 1st metatarsal

segmental innervation: L4, L5

extensor digitorum longus

o: lateral condyle fo tibia; superior anterior surface of fibula

I: middle and distal phalanges of lateral 4 digits

segmental innervation: L5, S1

extensor hallucis longus

O: middle part of anterior surface of fibula

I: dorsal aspect of base of distal phalanx of hallux

segmental innervation: L5, S1

fibularis tertius

o: inferior part of anterior surface of fibula

I: dorsum of base of 5th metatarsal

segmental innervation: L5, S1

eversion

fibularis longus and brevis

fibularis longus

o: head of the fibula; superior part of lateral surface of fibula

I: base of the 1st metatarsal and medial cuneiform

segmental innervation: L5, S1, S2

fibularis brevis

o: middle part of lateral surface of fibula

I: dorsal surface of tuberosity of base of 5th metatarsal

segmental innervation: L5, S1, S2

plantarflexion

gastrocnemius, soleus, plantaris, flexor hallucis longus, flexor digitorum longus, tibialis posterior

tibialis posterior

o: posterior surface of tibia inferior to soleal line; posterior surface of fibula; interosseous membrane

I: tuberosity of navicular; also cuneiform and cuboid; base of 2nd-4th metatarsals

segmental innervation: L4, L5

gastrocnemius

o: LH- lateral aspect of lateral condyle of femur MH- popliteal surface of femur

I: posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

segmental innervation: S1, S2

soleus

O: posterior aspect of head of fibula; soleal line of tibia; superior posterior surface of fibula; medial border of tibia

I: posterior surface of calcaneus via calcaneal tendon

segmental innervation: S1, S2

inversion

tibialis posterior and anterior

External Oblique

o: external surface of ribs 5-12

I: linea alba; pubic tubercle; anterior ½ of iliac crest

segmental innervation: T7-T12

Internal Oblique

o: thoracolumbar fascia; anterior 2/3 of iliac crest; connective tissue deep to inguinal ligament

I: linea alba; inferior border of 10th-12th ribs; pubis via conjoint tendon

segmental innervation: T7-L1

Rectus Abdominis

o: pubic symphysis; pubic crest

I: xiphoid process; 5th-7th costal cartilage

segmental innervation: T7-T12

Trapezius

o: middle 3rd of superior nuchal line; external occipital protuberance; nuchal ligament; SP of C7-T12 vertebrae

I: lateral 3rd of clavicle; acromion; spine of the scapula

segmental innervation: CN XI

levator scapulae

o: posterior tubercles of TP C1-C4 vertebrae

I: medial border of scapula superior to root of spine

segmental innervation: C3, C4, C5

latissimus dorsi

o: SP of inferior 6 thoracic vertebrae; thoracolumbar fascia; iliac crest; inferior 3 or 4 ribs

I: floor of the intertubercular groove of humerus

segmental innervation: C6, C7, C8

pectoralis minor

o: 3rd-5th ribs near their costal cartilages

I: medial border and surface of coracoid process of scapula

segmental innervation: C8, T1

scapular elevation

upper trapezius & levator scapulae

scapular depression

latissimus dorsi, pectoralis minor, lower trapezius

scapular retraction

middle trapezius, rhomboid major, and rhomboid minor

rhomboid major

o: SP of T2-T5 vertebrae

I: medial border of scapula from level of spine to inferior angle

segmental innervation: C4, C5

rhomboid minor

o: nuchal ligament; SP of C7 to T1 vertebrae

I: triangular area at medial end of scapular spine

segmental innervtion: C4, C5

shoulder flexion

anterior deltoid, pectoralis major (clavicle head)

pectoralis major

o: CH- anterior surface of medial ½ of clavicle; SH- anterior surface of sternum; superior 6 costal cartilages; aponeurosis of external oblique mm

I: lateral lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

segmental innervation: C5, C6, C7, C8, T1

deltoid

o: lateral 1/3 of clavicle; acromion; spine of scapula

I: deltoid tuberosity of humerus

segmental innervation: C5, C6

shoulder extension

latissimus dorsi, posterior deltoid, teres major

teres major

o: inferior part of lateral border of scapula; posterior surface of inferior angle of scapula

I: medial lip of intertubercular groove of humerus

segmental innervation: C5, C6

shoulder abduction

deltoid and supraspinatus

supraspinatus

o: supraspinous fossa of scapula

I: superior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

segmental innervation: C4, C5, C6

shoulder adduction

pectoralis major and latissimus dorsi

shoulder horizontal adduction

pectoralis major and anterior deltoid

shoulder horizontal abduction

posterior deltoid, infraspinatus, teres minor

scapular protraction

serratus anterior and assistance of pectoralis minor

serratus anterior

o: external surfaces of lateral parts of 1st-8th ribs

I: anterior surface of medial border of scapula

segmental innervation: C5, C6, C7

scapular upward rotation

serratus anterior, upper trapezius, and lower trapezius

scapular downward rotation

rhomboid major and minor, levator scapulae, and pectoralis minor

shoulder IR

subscapularis (lat, teres major, pectoralis major, ant deltoid)

subscapularis

o: subscapular fossa

I: lesser tubercle of the humerus

innervation: C5, C6, C7

shoulder ER

infraspinatus, teres minor

infraspinatus

o: infraspinous fossa of scapula

I: middle facet of greater tubercle of humerus

innervation: C5, C6

teres minor

o: middle part of lateral border of scapula

I: inferior facet of greater tubercle of humerus

innervation: C5, C6

wrist extensors

extensor carpi radialis longus; extensor carpi radialis brevis; extensor carpi ulnaris

extensor carpi radialis longus

o: lateral supracondylar ridge of humerus

I: dorsal aspect of base of 2nd metacarpal

innervation: C6, C7

extensor carpi radialis brevis

o: lateral epicondyle of humerus

I: dorsal aspect of base of 3rd metacarpal

innervation: C7, C8

extensor carpi ulnaris

o: lateral epicondyle of humerus; posterior border of ulna via shared aponeurosis

I: dorsal aspect of base of 5th metacarpal

innervation: C7, C8

wrist flexors

flexor carpi radialis; flexor carpi ulnaris; palmaris longus

Flexor carpi radialis

o: medial epicondyle of humerus

I: base of 2nd (3rd) metacarpal

innervation: C6, C7

flexor carpi ulnaris

o: HH- medial epicondyle of humerus; UH- olecranon and posterior border of ulna

I: pisiform, hook of hamate, 5th metacarpal

innervation: C7, C8

palmaris longus

o: medial epicondyle of humerus

I: distal ½ of flexor retinaculum; palmar aponeurosis

innervation: C7, C8

radial deviators

extensor carpi radialis longus and brevis; flexor carpi radialis

ulnar deviators

extensor carpi ulnaris; flexor carpi ulnaris

elbow flexors

brachialis; biceps brachii; brachioradialis

brachialis

o: distal ½ of anterior surface of humerus

I: coronoid process; tuberosity of ulna

innervation: C5, C6

brachioradialis

o: proximal 2/3 of lateral supra-epicondylar ridge of humerus

I: lateral surface of distal end of radius proximal to styloid process

innervation: C5, C6, C7

biceps brachii

o: SH- tip of corocoid process of scapula; LH- supraglenoid tubercle of scapula

I: tuberosity of radius and fascia of forearm via bicipital aponeurosis

innervation: C5, C6

elbow extensors

triceps brachii

triceps brachii

o: LH- infraglenoid tubercle of scapula; Lat Head- posterior surface of humerus, superior to radial groove; Medial Head- posterior surface of humerus, inferior to radial groove

I: proximal end of olecranon of ulna and fascia of forearm

innervation: C6, C7, C8

supinators

supinator; biceps brachii

supinator

o: lateral epicondyle of humerus; radial collateral and annular ligaments; supinator fossa; crest of ulna

I: lateral, posterior, and anterior surfaces of proximal 1/3 of radius

innervation: C7, C8

pronators

pronator teres; pronator quadratus

pronator teres

o: UH- coronoid process; HH- medial epicondyle of humerus

I: middle of convexity of lateral surface of radius

innervation: C6, C7

pronator quadratus

o: distal quarter of anterior surface of ulna

I: distal quarter of anterior surface of radius

innervation: C8, T1

MCP Extension

extensor digitorum; extensor digiti minimi; extensor indicis

PIP Extension

extensor indicis, extensor digiti minimi, extensor digitorum, lumbricals, dorsal/palmar interossei