lec 8 - globalization

sustainable food system

food system that delivers food security and nutrition for all in way that the economic, social, and environmental bases to gen food security and nutrition for current and future gens are not compromised

we are using… earths of resources

1 ½

un 2030 sustainable developmental goals

• end poverty

• rescue the planet

• build a peaceful world

food insecurity

lack of secure access to sufficient amounts of safe and nutritous food for normal human growth and development and an active and healthy lifestyle

food security

food both available and accessible in suff quantities and diversity and households must be able to utilize food in way that has positive nutritional impact

drivers of acute food insecurity

• conflict/insecurity

• weather extremes

• economic shocks

• health shocks

• crop pests and animal diseases

• natural disasters

• displacement (from all of above)

food insecurity/malnutrition drivers

• persisting food price inflation

• conflict, climate change, and economic downturns more frequent and severe

• affordable healthy diets

• unhealthy food environments

• persistent inequality

world hunger and poverty

• poverty —> hunger

• hunger —> poverty

alleviation of poverty

• providing food

• improving food production/distribution

• improve economic/political inequalities

food production includes

• agricultural extensification

• agricultural intensification

• declining gains overall

• livestock

• fisheries

agricultural extensification

• cultivating new land

agricultural intensification

coaxing more out of alr cultivated land

• improved irrigation

• cropped intensity - thru irrigation, fertilizers, pesticides

• increasing yields - thru improved tech

natural resource conservation

• energy

• water

• land

• forests

global fisheries

• most are depleted or over exploited

• 90% fish species have been fished out

food systems are responsible for

• global biodiversity loss on land

• degraded soils

• global GHG emissions

• depletion of commercial fishes

• overexploitation of world’s aquifers

planetary health diet

diet that is healthy for both humans and planet

• more plant sourced protein > animal sourced protein

• more unsaturated plant oils and whole grains

• half fruits and veggies

Comission reccs a

universal healthy reference diet, consisting of

• veggies, fruits, whole grains, legumes, nuts, unsat oils

• low to moderate seafood and poultry

• includes no or low quantity red meat, processed meat, added sugar, refined grain, starchy vegies

global hunger remains

unchanged, but still far above pre covid pandemic levels

people in the world affected by hunger

• asia 55%

• africa 38%

WFP Food Basket ingredients

• cereal flour/rice

• pulses

• oil (vit A fortified)

• fortified blended foods (corn soya blend)

• sugar

• salt

WFP Food Basket nutritional value

• energy 2100 kcal

• protein 10-20%

• fat 17%

WFP Food Basket has

micronutrients such as vit A, iron, iodine, zinc to prevent def