The pancreas + release of insulin
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7 Terms
what 2 functions does a pancreas have ?
The pancreas is an organ with exocrine and endocrine functions.
what does exocrine glands release ?
Exocrine glands release substances into a duct.
The pancreas releases enzymes (trypsinogen and pancreatic amylase)
what does endocrine glands release ?
Endocrine glands release hormones into the blood.
The pancreas release insulin and glucagon from cells of the islets of Langerhans.
Where does insulin release from ?
The pancreas release insulin and glucagon from cells of the islets of Langerhans.
what does alpha cell release ?
Alpha cells release glucagon
what does beta cell release ?
Beta cells release insulin
Releasing insulin (voltage gated ion channel) add pic
The beta cells have potassium ion channels in the membrane. The ion channels are open, and K+ can diffuse out.
Glucose diffuses into the cell when glucose concentrations are high.
The glucose is phosphorylated by the enzyme, glucokinase.
Excess ATP produced by respiration of the phosphorylated glucose.
The excess ATP causes the potassium channel to close.
This depolarises the membrane of the beta cell.
The depolarisation of the cell membrane causes Ca 2+ calcium ion channels to open. Ca2+ ions enter the cell.
The present of Ca 2+ in the cell causes vesicles containing insulin to move and fuse with the membrane of the beta cell. Insulin is released by exocytosis.