English 9H Cumulative Word Parts

Flashcards covering prefixes, root words, and suffixes from English 9H lecture notes.

Prefix

A word part added to the BEGINNING of a word to change its meaning

Root/Base Word

The base word - the word that prefixes and suffixes are added to

Suffix

A word part added to the END of a word to change its meaning

pre-

before, in front of

precede

take place before something / someone else

preface

an introduction to a book or other literary work in front of the main text written by the work's author

post-

after, behind

posthumous

occurring, awarded, or appearing after the death of the originator

postpone

arrange for (something) to take place after the originally scheduled date

tele-

distant

telephone

a system for transmitting voices over a distance using wire or radio

telepathy

apparent communication across the distance of one mind to another without using sensory perceptions

aqua-/aque-

water

aquarium

a transparent tank of water in which fish and other water creatures and plants are kept

aqueduct

an artificial channel for conveying water, typically in the form of a bridge across a valley or other gap.

duc-/duct-

lead

conduct

lead a musical performance

induce

to lead on to do something

fin-/finit-

end, limit

infinite

unlimited or unmeasurable in extent of space, duration of time, etc

final

coming at the end of a series

magn-

large, great

magnify

make (something) appear larger than it is

magnificent

impressively beautiful, elaborate, or extravagant; striking; great

scrib-/script-

To write, written

scribble

to write or draw (something) carelessly or hurriedly

prescription

an instruction written by a medical practitioner that authorizes a patient to be provided a medicine or treatment

sol-

alone

solitaire

any of various card games played by one person alone

solo

done by one person alone; unaccompanied

vid-/vis-

to see

vision

the state of being able to see

video

the recording, reproducing, or broadcasting of moving visual images meant to be seen

voc-/voke-/voice

Voice, to call

revoke

to voice or call an end to the validity or operation of (a decree, decision, or promise)

vocal

relating to the human voice

-ate

to make

advocate

a person who publicly supports or wants to make a policy/ particular cause better

donate

to make a gift of, especially to contribute to a public or charitable cause

-ation

the result of doing

conversation

the result of talking between two or more people

proclamation

an official announcement made in public created from the result of discussion

-ify

to make

justify

to make or prove to be right or reasonable

magnify

to make (something) appear larger than it is

a- / ab- / abs-

away, from

abduction

the action of taking someone away by force or deception

abnormal

not normal, average, typical, or usual; deviating away from a standard

ad-

to or toward

adjacent

next to or adjoining something else

adhere

stick fast to (a surface or substance).

im- / in-

not

invisible

not visible

impolite

not having or showing good manners; rude

ami- / amic-

love/like

amicable

a friendliness or goodwill between people or groups

amiable

having or displaying a friendly and pleasant manner

aud-

sound

audible

A sound that is audible is loud enough to be heard

auditorium

a large room, hall, or building that is used for events with sound such as meetings and concerts

gram- / graph-

to write or draw, writing, printing

biography

an account of someone's life written by someone else

graphite

a soft black lustrous form of carbon that conducts electricity and is used in lead pencils

chron-

time

chronological

arranged in the order of time

synchronize

occur at the same time or rate

grad- /gress-

To step

progress

a forward or onward movement (as to an objective or to a goal) : advance

graduate

to receive an academic degree or diploma; to pass from one step of experience, proficiency, or prestige to a usually higher one.

hydr(o)-

water

dehydrate

remove water from (food) in order to preserve and store it

hydraulics

the branch of science and technology concerned with the conveyance of liquids through pipes and channels

mut-

to change

mutant

an organism that is different from others of its type because of a permanent change in its genes

mutate

change or cause to change in form or nature

terr(a)-

Earth, ground

subterranean

being, lying, or operating under the surface of the earth

terrestrial

of, on, or relating to the earth

-er / -or

one who does

teacher

one who teaches

counselor

a person trained to give guidance on personal, social, or psychological problems

-ologist

one who studies

Zoologist

an expert in or student of the behavior, physiology, classification, and distribution of animals

Meteorologist

an expert in or student of meteorology; a weather forecaster.

-ology

study of

biology

the study of living organisms

archaeology

the study of human history and prehistory through the excavation of sites and the analysis of artifacts and other physical remains

de-

down, away, off

descend

move or fall downward

decline

become smaller, fewer, or less; decrease

de-/dif-/dis-

apart, different

dislocate

to take “apart” from the usual location

discomfort

the feeling of irritation, soreness, or pain that, though not severe, is annoying and different from the normal feeling

ex-

out of, from, former

exit

a way out of

exhale

to breathe out of your mouth

alter-

other

alternate

taking the place of; other way

alter ego

a personʼs other self

ego-

self