Sun, Earth, Moon Relationships (8)
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Last updated 5:07 PM on 10/31/22
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46 Terms
1
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What causes day and night?
Earth's rotation on its axis
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How long does it take for Earth to rotate once?
24 hours or 23 hours and 56 minutes
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Which way does the Earth rotate?
Counter-clockwise (west to east)
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How does Earth's tilt on its axis affect how long day and night is?
It causes day and night to be of different lengths in different parts of the world
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How many solstices occure in a year?
2
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What is the summer solstice?
The longest day
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What is the winter solstice?
The shortest day
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When does an equinox occur?
Twice a year, when day and night are of equal length
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Why do tides occur?
The pull of gravity of the Moon and the Sun on Earth's oceans
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Does the Sun or the Moon have a greater effect on Earth's tides?
Moon, because it is closer
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How many high and low tides occur in a day?
2 high tides and 2 low tides
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When do spring tides occur?
During new and full moons, when the Sun, Earth, and Moon are in line
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What do spring tides form?
Extremely high tides and extremely low tides
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When do neap tides occur?
During first and third quarters, when the Sun, Earth, and Moon form a right angle
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What do neap tides form?
Quite low high-tides and quite high low-tides
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Umbra
The darkest part of the Moon's shadow
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Penumbra
The lighter part of the Moon's shadow
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Total Eclipse
When one body is completely blocked from the view by another (located in the umbra)
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Partial Eclipse
When one body is partially blocked from the view by another (located in the penumbra)
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When do solar eclipses occur?
When the Moon passes between the Sun and the Earth during a new moon
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When do lunar eclipses occur?
When the Moon passes on the opposite side of the Earth from the Sun during a full moon
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Why don't we see a lunar eclipse every month?
The Moon's orbit around Earth is tilted by 5°
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What causes seasons?
The tilt of the Earth's axis and its revolution around the Sun
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T or F: The different distances to the Sun caused by the tilt cause the seasons.
False
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Seasons depend on how much of the Earth's surface receives ___________ _______________.
Direct sunlight
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During June, what season is the Southern Hemisphere experiencing?
Winter
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During December, what season is the Northern Hemisphere experiencing?
Winter
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During September, what season is the Southern Hemisphere experiencing?
Spring
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During March, what season is the Southern Hemisphere experiencing?
Autumn
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T or F: The Moon has a nearly circular orbit around the Earth.
True
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How long does it take for the Moon to rotate once?
27.3 days
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How long does it take for the Moon to revolve around the Earth once?
27.3 days
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Where does the Moon's light come from?
Reflected from the Sun
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T or F: The same side of the Moon always faces Earth.
True
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What does waxing mean?
When the illuminated part of the Moon is getting bigger
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What does waning mean?
When the illuminated part of the Moon is getting smaller
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What are the 8 moon phases?
New moon, waxing crescent, first quarter, waxing gibbous, full moon, waning gibbous, third quarter, and waning crescent
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Which way does the Moon revolve around the Earth?
Counter-clockwise
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During a waxing gibbous, which side of the Moon would be lit up?
Right
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During third quarter, which side of the Moon would be lit up?
Left
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How much is Earth's axis tilted?
23.5°
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What change would occur if Earth's rate of rotation decreased?
Days would be longer
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How long is a lunar cycle?
28 days
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How many hours are between each high tide and low tide?
6 hours
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Can a solar eclipse and spring tide ever occur at the same time?
Yes
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Why can't we see a new moon on Earth?
The Moon blocks the Sun's light