1/60
Looks like no tags are added yet.
Name | Mastery | Learn | Test | Matching | Spaced |
---|
No study sessions yet.
prejustice
results when a baised, negative stereotype becomes coupled with negative “affective” or emotional reaction
stereotypes can originate from:
media
family members & others
everyday observations
example of stereotyping
if a teenage driver gets in an accident, “all teens are bad drivers”
discrimination
the behavioral expression of a prejustice
micro invalidation
a comment or action that ignores or dismisses the thoughts, feelings or experiences of a member of an underrepresented group
“it’s not that big of a deal”
many individuals expressed confusion/stress over how to handle microaggressions due to different factors:
uncertainty about microaggression
familiarity with the people engaged in the microaggressions
struggles with determining the appropriate response to the microagression
implicit bias
can be in contradiction to persons adapted beliefs & valies
confronting implicit bias on a personal level
seeing people as individuals rather than parts of the group they belong to
misogyny
stems from patriarchal ideologies that maintain male dominance
signs of misogyny (meant to undermine women)
dismissing women’s thoughts & opinions
both in professional and personal realms
benevolent sexism
women are idealized as being better than men for stereotypically female qualities like being a caregiver or a good cook
example of stereotype threats
women performed worse when told about comparing scores to men
women performed equally when not knowing they would compare scores to men
gender prejustice TedTalk
TedTalk: the likability dilemma for women leaders. Robin Hauser
competence/liability dilemma
women unlike men are rarely perceived to be competent & likable
social identity
we evaluate ourselves partly by group memebers
having a sense of “we-ness” strengthens our concepts
Jane Elliots “a class divided” experiment
divided class by eye color
switch the next day
ethnocentrism
need to have an “out group” or a scapegoat to blame for individual/world problems (real or imagined)
contact hypothesis
the contact lats for a significant period of time
cultural competency
a developmental process based upon the belief that all individuals can learn to embrace differences
central route processing can lead to more enduring change than the peripheral route
TRUE
overtime, Watson’s behaviorism principles begin to apply to advertising:
time focus is on tugging at the emotional string of consumers
consumers miscoception that they are immune to manipulation of advertisements makes them more vulnerable misconception
more exposure makes it more effective with time
pathos
most important of the three
communicator
more effective if the audience believes the communicator is not trying to persuade them
message
disinterested audience members take the peripheral route persuasion
the mood of the audience
people in unhappy moods are likely to look for central route (more critical)
-
when the two messages are back-to-back, followed by a time gap, the primary effect (1st) usually occurs
this is especially true when the first message stimulates thinking
foot in the door phenomenon- tendency for people who have first agreed to small request later comply to bigger
example: small request-”can I barrow the car for the evening?”
big request- “ can I use th car for a raod trip for 5 days
foot in the door phenomenon- after someone first turns down a large request, the same requester counteroffers with a more reasonable request
the initial request must be rejected by the target person
face to face is more effective
messages are best comprehended & recalled when written if a message is difficult to comprehend
reminiscence bump
more likely to remember events from your 2nd & 3rd decades of life than any others
social contagion
example: movie seems funnier or more emotional when you watch it in the theater in the presence of others
a cavet
keeping work groups small can also help members believe their contributions are undesirable
social loafing vs social facilitation
when being observed increases evaluation concerns, social facilitation occurs
when being lost in a crowd decreases evaluation concerns, social loafing occurs
deindividuation results from:
feelings of anonymity
lack of accountability
the energizing effects of being lost in a crowd
group size
larger the group, the more its members lose self awareness & become willing commit atrocities
anonymous
children who had been asked their name & where they lived were less than ½ aa likely to transgress as those who were left anonymous
the principle
people who are self-conscious exhibit greater consistency between their words outside a situation and their deeds in it.
group polarization
when people express the ideas in their own words, the verbal commitment magnifies the impact
group thinking*
a situation in which a group fixates on one decision & members blindly assume that it is a correct decision
.
amicable, cohesive group (close knit group)
relate isolation of the group from dissenting view points
directive leader who signals what decision they factor
8th group think symptom- Mind guards
protecting a leader or group from information that would call into question the effectiveness or morality of the groups decision
ways to prevent group think
welcome critiques from outside experts and associates
before implementing, call a “second chance” meeting to air any lingering doubts
the role of a leader
self confidence & confidence in a team
along with being confident in one’s own skills and abilities, an effective leader should also be confident in the skills & ability of the team
respectful to others
one of the most vital qualities of a leader: to be respectful towards everyone in their team. a leader is most likely to gain respect if they show respect towards others
transformational leaders - inspire followers
think outside the box & encourage creativity amongst their followers
self actualization
the motivation to realize one’s full potential as a human being
theories of self esteem bottom three needs
deficiency needs
theories of self esteem top two needs
growth needs
what is at the bottom of theories of self esteem
physiological
relatedness
the need to belong might possibly be one of the strongest motivators
emotional attraction
plays a very key role in interpersonal relationships, including friendships& romantic relationships
attraction can change
it is important to realize that your needs & desires can change overtime; important to stay in open communication with your partner
anticipation
expecting that someone will be pleasant & compatible
increase the chance of forming a reward relationship
matching phenomenon
people invest more in pursing someone whose attractiveness roulghly matches their own
halo effect
focusing on one particularly very positive feature about that person
attachment styles- anxious/ambivalent
“clinging” baby- extreme distress if parent leaves, angry when they return
conflicts are full of emotions and often angry
self-esteem fluctuates more based on feedback from others, especially romantic partners
passionate
a state of intense longing for union with another
more common at the beginning of the relationship
companionate love (affection we feel)
it is characterized by long-term commitment, deep intimacy & trust
equability
the idea that people are motivated to pursue fairness, or equality, inn the relationships
self disclosure
intimate disclosure is a slow & cautious process
Debi Silber-”do you have post betrayal syndrome?’
healing from betrayal is different than healing from other lifes curses- due to intentionality
there is a systematic approach to healing from betrayal
we cannot undo betrayal but we can prevent how long it affects us -lay the foundation for transformation
communication is key!
concentrate on the major problem, and not focus on other minor issues