Global china test

Communes

Collective farming communities established in China during the Great Leap Forward, aimed at increasing agricultural production and promoting socialism.

famine

A severe shortage of food that led to widespread hunger and death, particularly during the Great Leap Forward in China.

cultural revolution

A sociopolitical movement initiated by Mao Zedong in 1966 aimed at preserving communist ideology by purging remnants of capitalist and traditional elements from Chinese society.

red guards

Youth groups mobilized during the Cultural Revolution to enforce Maoist ideology and attack perceived enemies.

Deng Xiaoping

introduced capitalism and foreign investment into China’s industries, growing China’s economy rapidly

Four Modernizations

A set of goals initiated by Deng Xiaoping in the late 1970s aimed at modernizing China's agriculture, industry, defense, and science and technology to enhance the country's economic growth.

may the fourth movement

• A cultural and political movement in China that emerged in 1919, advocating for modernization and reform, particularly in literature and education, while rejecting traditional Confucian values.

• Pro democracy protest after WWI

Chiang Kai Shek

Nationalist leader

Kuomintang

Nationalist party

Mao Zedong

communist leader founded communist china in 1949

long march

Maos red army retreat against the nationalists

Great Leap Forward

a campaign initiated by Mao Zedong in 1958 aimed at rapidly transforming China from an agrarian society into an industrialized socialist state, which resulted in widespread famine and economic disaster.

Tiananmen Square Massacre

People protesting for rights and free speech and democracy and deng sent in military to put them down

One child policy

Started because there was a famine and they didn't want anymore kids

How did Mao Zedong rise to power in China? Who supported him and why?

During long march, Mao promised peasants land redistribution and food since they were poor/ starving

What was the purpose of the Great Leap Forward, what impact did it have on China?

was to improve industrial/ agricultural failure - starvation, over 55 million died.

What was the purpose of the Cultural Revolution, what impact did it have on China?

The red guards wanted to get rid of old chinese influence to regain power

How did Deng Xiaoping look to reform China? What impact did his changes have on China’s economy?

He looked to reform china's capitalism/ foreign investment free market, increased china's economy

How are the Tiananmen Square Massacre and the One Child Policy examples of Human Rights Violations as an Enduring Issue?

Human rights violation - no free speech

Following the fall of the Qing dynasty

• Chinese nationalists created a new government in China

• This government intentionally left out Communists, leading to Civil War

The Communists, led by Mao Zedong

were victorious due to their overwhelming support from the peasant class (majority in China)

Following Mao’s victory

he instituted a totalitarian communist dictatorship in China to try and mirror the Soviet Union

Great Leap Forward and cultural revolution

disastrous for the economic progress of China

Following Mao’s death

a new leader, Deng Xiaoping, set China on a new path towards modernization

Deng allowed for economic freedom in China

political freedoms were severely restricted

Human rights issues arose

with the Tiananmen Square Massacre and the One Child Policy under Deng’s rule