Week 5 | Day 2 | PSYA02

Social-Cognitive Approach

Personality is shaped by how individuals handle daily life situations.

Bandura’s Self-System

Involves cognition used to observe, evaluate, and regulate behavior, including imitating successful behaviors and avoiding unsuccessful ones.

Self-efficacy

Refers to the confidence in one's ability to perform well in a given situation and involves monitoring one's behavior for success.

Rotter’s Social Learning Perspective

Focuses on locus of control, where internal control leads to better adjustment and coping, while external control can result in learned helplessness.

Delay of Gratification

Walter Mischel's concept of sacrificing immediate rewards for larger future gains, influencing personality expression and future success.

Biological Perspective

Assumes biological processes influence personality expression, including behavioral genetics, neurological factors, and evolutionary influences.

Monozygotic/Identical Twins

Twins sharing 100% genetic material, showing more similarities when raised together compared to apart.

Dizygotic/Fraternal Twins

Twins sharing up to 50% genetic material, less similar than identical twins even when raised together.

Physiological Factors

Hormones and neurotransmitters influence behavior, with testosterone linked to dominance and serotonin levels affecting risk-taking behavior.

Brain Activity

Arousal and inhibition levels in the brain, with introverts having higher arousal levels in the ARAS.

Evolutionary Perspective

Focuses on survival and reproduction, linking certain personality traits to reproductive success and longevity.