Cellular Biology

Cellular membrane

a barrier in the cell that controls substance movement, facilities communication, and structural support

Diffusion

Movement of molecules from an area more concentrated to an area less concentrated

semi-permeable

allows certain substances pass through the phospholipid bilayer

simple diffusion

substances allow small molecules to pass through the phospholipid bilayer

facilitated diffusion

allows hydrophilic substances and removes harmful organisms

osmosis

diffusion of water across a semi-permeable membrane of high concentration of water to a low concentration of water

active transport

movement of molecules or ions across a cell membrane from a lower concentration to a high concentration

bulk transport

process that moves large molecules fluid molecules and particles

endocytosis

brings in substances into the cell and removes harmful bacteria living in the cell

exocytosis

removes substances like waste from inside the cell which is the way nerve cells can send signals

ATP

a source of energy that cells use and produce. It stands for Adenosine Triphosphate

transports that use energy

exocytosis

endocytosis

diffusion

active transport

bulk transport

differences between plant and animal cells

differences:

• plant cells have cell walls while animal cells don’t

• plant cells have chloroplasts while animal cells don’t

• plant cells have central vacuole while animal cells do not

• plant cells have cytosol while animal cells do not

  Similarities:

• they both have nucleous

• they both have golgi bodies (or golgi apparatuses)

• they both have mitochondria

• they both have ribosomes

fluid mosaic model

a fluid mosaic model is a model that shows us briefly how the cell membrane works and the structure of the membrane

what is the name of the jelly-like substance that is inside the cell

cytoplasm

where is dna stored

dna is stored in the nucleous