A&P Final review

5.0(1)
studied byStudied by 5 people
learnLearn
examPractice Test
spaced repetitionSpaced Repetition
heart puzzleMatch
flashcardsFlashcards
Card Sorting

1/137

flashcard set

Earn XP

Description and Tags

Study Analytics
Name
Mastery
Learn
Test
Matching
Spaced

No study sessions yet.

138 Terms

1
New cards
Auscultation
listening for sounds of the body
2
New cards
what type of mixture would represent an emulsion
oil suspended in water
3
New cards
a base absorbs
hydrogen ions
4
New cards
the term for the energy storing, synthetic reactions in the human body
catabolism
5
New cards
a chemical reaction that results in the release of electrons and energy
oxidation
6
New cards
this is an example of a monosaccharide
fructose
7
New cards
this is an example of a polysaccharide
starch
8
New cards
triglycerides are synthesized from
3-carbon alcohol and 3 fatty acids
9
New cards
10
New cards
phospholipids are
amphipathic
11
New cards
the chemical reaction whereby a disaccharide is formed from two monosaccharides
dehydration synthesis
12
New cards
the nucleotide containing the sugar deoxiribose, the nitrogen base adenine, and 3 phosphate groups
ATP
13
New cards
primary, secondary, and tertiary structure characterizes
proteins
14
New cards
series of organization in the human body from smallest to largest
molecule, cell, tissue, organ
15
New cards
in a well-designed experiment, range of variation is accounted for by
sample size
16
New cards
5 proteins that are associated with a cell’s membrane
transport proteins, gobular proteins, glycoproteins, enzymes, and identity markers
17
New cards
5 things that affect the rate of diffusion
temperature, permeability, concentration, surface area, particular size
18
New cards
the process of which RNA undergoes to manufacture a polypeptide
translation
19
New cards
a segment of gene that is also a non-coding gene is transcribed into RNA but not translated into polypeptide
intron
20
New cards
theory that states DNA is replicated then transcribed into RNA then translated into protein.
central dogma of molecular biology
21
New cards
refers to a type of trait that involves two or more genetic loci
polygenic
22
New cards
site of a gene on a chromosome
locus
23
New cards
non-sex chromosome
autosome
24
New cards
fusion of sex cells to form a zygote
syngamy
25
New cards
the genetic makeup of a population
gene pool
26
New cards
embryonic germ layer that gives rise to the muscles and skeleton
mesoderm
27
New cards
characterized by cells loosely scattered within a matrix
connective tissue
28
New cards
surface tissue characterized by tall cells
columnar epithelium
29
New cards
what is not classified as connective tissue
skeletal muscle
30
New cards
what does epithelial tissue have
basement membrane
31
New cards
mature bone cells
osteocytes
32
New cards
the word lacuna means
chamber
33
New cards
adipose tissue is a type of
connective tissue
34
New cards
muscle tissue thats small, uninucleate, unstriated cells
smooth muscle
35
New cards
muscle that is under voluntary control
skeletal muscle
36
New cards
adjacent cells within a tissue that are held together by protein “threads” through protein plaques
desmosomes
37
New cards
an endocrine gland is
ductless
38
New cards
the growth of a tumor
neoplasia
39
New cards
what are cornified cells filled with?
keratin
40
New cards
bone killing cells
osteoclasts
41
New cards
the toughest fibers found in connective tissue
collagenous
42
New cards
most abundant cells in skin epidermis
keratinocytes
43
New cards
the class of nitrogenous bases characterized by a single ring
pryrimidines
44
New cards
a specific nitrogenous base that has a single ring
adenine
45
New cards
the class of nitrogenous bases characterized by a double ring
purines
46
New cards
a specific nitrogenous base that has a double ring
cytosine
47
New cards
name of the enzyme that builds the nucleotide polymer during DNA replication
DNA polymerase
48
New cards
name of enzyme that builds the nucleotide polymer during RNA transcription
RNA polymerase
49
New cards
name of nitrogenous base found in RNA but not DNA
uracil
50
New cards
the cellular organelle responsible for posttranslational modification
golgi body
51
New cards
the base triplet on a messenger RNA that codes for a specific amino acid during protein synthesis
codon
52
New cards
name of enzyme that unwinds during DNA replication
DNA helicase
53
New cards
layers of skin from top to bottom
stratum corneum, stratum granulosum, stratum spinosum, stratum basale, dermis
54
New cards
55
New cards
formation of spindle
prophase
56
New cards
migration of independent chromatids toward
57
New cards
formation of nuclear membrane around separated chromatids
telophase
58
New cards
replication of DNA
interphase
59
New cards
a channel that allows for the passage of blood or lymph
sinus
60
New cards
tissue of bone marrow
myeliod tissue
61
New cards
the difference between membrane bone and endochondrial bone is that endochondrial bone
forms first as a cartilaginous model that is later replaced by bone
62
New cards
an example of an endochondral bone would be the
femur
63
New cards
the formation of the diaphysis involves the destruction of cartilage by
chondroclasts
64
New cards
nutreients reach individual osteocytes via
diffusion through the canaliculi
65
New cards
the epiphyseal plate of a long bone is the point of
fusion between the diaphysis and epiphysis
66
New cards
bone marrow occurs in the
medullary cavities of long bones
67
New cards
sesamoid bones are those that develop within
tendons
68
New cards
air is warmed in the nasal cavitiy as it moves over extensive capillary networks that cover thin bones called
nasal chonchae
69
New cards
the atlas and axis are specialized
cervical vertebrae
70
New cards
the pectoral portion of the appendicular skeleton doesnt include the
pes
71
New cards
another name for a fibrous joint
synarthrosis
72
New cards
another name for diarthrosis
synovial joint
73
New cards
example of a sesamoid bone
patella
74
New cards
limbs and limb girdles make up the
appendicular skeleton
75
New cards
the altas is part of the
axial skeleton
76
New cards
ethmoid is part of the
axial skeleton
77
New cards
bones of the tarsus is part of the
appendicular skeleton
78
New cards
bones of the antebrachium is part of the
appendicular skeleton
79
New cards
floating ribs is part of the
axial skeleton
80
New cards
bones of the crural region
appendicular skeleton
81
New cards
bones of metacarpus is part of
appendicular skeleton
82
New cards
spheniod is part of the
axial skeleton
83
New cards
bones of the carpus
appendicular skeleton
84
New cards
phalanges
appendicular skeleton
85
New cards
example of ball-and-socket joint
hip joint
86
New cards
example of hinge joint
knee joint
87
New cards
example of condylar joint
wrist joint
88
New cards
prophase
formation of spindle
89
New cards
opposite working group from the primary worker, the agonist
antagonist
90
New cards
origin
stationary point of attachment
91
New cards
type/shaped muscle that looks like a cigar, has a fat middle body
fusiform muscle
92
New cards
organized as striated, multinucleate cells
skeletal muscle
93
New cards
capable of both polarization and secretion
neuron
94
New cards
characterized by a single nucleus within a body containing long, thin processes
neuron
95
New cards
some types form myelin sheaths
glial cell
96
New cards
cellular units formed from the fusion of embryonic cells
skeleltal, smooth, and cardiac muscle, neuron, and glial cell
97
New cards
universal properties of neurons
secretion transmit signals and has a charge/polarized
98
New cards
what are 3 functions of muscles
regulation of temperature/heat, movement, stability
99
New cards
3 universal characteristics of muscle
contractility, excitability, extensibility
100
New cards
skeletal muscle fibers are arranged as bundles called
fascicles