ww1 test

Militarism

a policy of aggressive military preparedness

nationalism

loyalty and devotion to a nation

propaganda

the spreading of ideas about an institution or individual for the purpose of influencing opinion

contraband

goods whose importation, exportation, or possession is illegal

espionage

spying, especially to gain government secrets

draft

to select a person at random for mandatory military service

convoy

a group that travels with something, such as a ship, to protect it

armistice

a temporary agreement to end fighting

national self-determination

the free choice by the people of a nation of their own future political status

reparations

payment by the loosing country in a war to the winner for the damages caused by the war

red scare

period of widespread fear of communism and anarchism in the US

deport

to expel an individual from the country

supply-side economics

economic theory that lower tax rates will boost the economy as businesses and individuals invest their money, thereby creating higher tax revenues

isolation

a national policy of avoiding involvement in world affairs

mass production

the production of large quantities of goods using machinery and often an assembly line

disposable

money remaining to an individual after deduction of taxes

credit

an amount or sum of money placed at a persons disposal by a bank on condition that it will be repaid with intrest

speakeasy

a place where alcoholic beverages are sold illegally

mass media

the production of communication (TV, radio) intended to reach a wide audience

what policy does the US adopt at the beggining of the war

neutrality act

how did the US prepare for war

preparedness movement

what caused the economy boom

US sold war goods to both sides of the war

what was the sinking of the Lusitania

German U boats torpedoed the British ship Lustiania, killing 130 americans

what else did Germany do to get us on the verge of joining the war

sunk SS arabic with no warning

what did the us do in responce to the torpedoing

threatened to break all its ties with Germany so they pleged to give warning and give civilions 30 mins to get off the ship

how was the pledge broken

sunk the sussex (ferry)

Sussex pledge

German U boats would no longer attak passsenger ships; merchant vessels only sunk if they have war material on board and once all passengers and crew have left

what 3 events pushed US into the war

zimmerman telegram, germany violating sussex pledge, russian revolution

zimmerman telegram

germans sent a secret note to mexico asking mexico to attack the US and keep them from joining the war

Germany violated the sussex pledge

tesumed unrestricted submarine warfare

russian revolution

replaces czar weth democracy, wilsons war for democracy no longer has absolute ruler involved.

when did we go in the war

april 6 1917

jeannette rankin votes

no to war (passivist). first woman elected to congress, serves in office both times we go into world wars

promoting the war how

high confidence, committee of the public info promote the war effort (over there), war hystaria + patriotism = racism.

how was there racism in ww1

hate the hun campaign, war material, hiring exclusion,

selective services act (draft)

required all men from ages 21-30 to register to serve in the military

dets of the draft

over 4 mill joined 2.8 drafted. 2 mil vollenter, racism and segregation join military (harlem hellfighters

espoinage act

up to 20 years for inciting rebellion in armed forces or obstructing draft

sedition act

prohibited disloyal or abusice remarks about US gov

schenek v United states

socialist protestor vs US

precedent of schecnk v united state

1. war times change peoples rights 2. clear and present danger

What jobs did African American enlistees usually perform?

Harlem Hellfighters. Load ships, labor units, buildings trenches.

In what way was allowing African Americans to fight with the French military an insult?

American forces were not supposed to be apart of the french military

Describe Henry Johnson's valiant actions. How was he recognized for his actions by France? By the US?

Member of harlem hellfighters. Henry johnson was left in a German attack, he fights all of them with a knife, but he fought them off for about an hour. french award him with a croix de guerre. US recognized him with the legion of merit metal of honor but not until after his lifetime.

How did the US implement Jim Crow laws in Europe during the war?

They told the French to not treat them as equal.

What was the job of a "Hello Girl?"

They were women telephone operators

Did the Hello Girls receive Veterans benefits? Why/Why not?

No they did not because of the armys regulations that said they only go to a man

In what 2 areas on the homefront did women step into men's jobs

Manufacturing and agricultural positions.

How did this impact African American women on the homefront?

instead of doing domestic employment work, they were able to work in offices and factories, also worked in the YMCA

How did housewives who did not join the workforce contribute to the war effort?

sign a pledge card stating that she would can food for the future, grow veggies, and limit the consumption of meat, wheat, and fats. also growing their own food.

Voluntary rationing

Herbert Hoover. Give up 1 food per day

How did American women contribute to the war effort overseas?

they were doctors, nurses, and ambulance drivers. the salvation army, red cross, US army nurse crops, Navy Nurse corps

Identify 2 ways German Americans influenced American culture BEFORE WWI.

They were the largest non english speaking minority group in the US. Churches and schools. Germans brought beer. German language was the most studied in America

Identify 3 ways life changed for German Americans during WWI.

They were the largest non english speaking minority group in the US. Churches and schools. Germans brought beer. German language was the most studied in America, Only 1 percent of high schools taught German. Their patriotism was questioned. They were called Hans. German american press was censored. German american organizations were targeted.

What was the most common stereotype about Native Americans before WWI?

They did not like them talking in their native language, lots of prejudice against them

How did opinions on the Choctaw language change during WWI?

all important messages were spoken in Choctaw langauage.

What problem did the Choctaw Code Talkers solve

Germans were not able to cut the line and hear what they were saying

Why weren't Native Americans drafted into WWI?

they were not US citizens

john J Perrshing did what

american commander who said alll americans troops fight together as american units, eventually allowed minorities to work with french army

battle of canitgny

may 1918 first american battle

battle of argonne forest

sep- nov 1918 last battle of the war

alvin york joined the war because of

patriotic duty

alvin york became famous for

not killing people, shut machie guns off in a battle and germans surrendered

after the war what did alvin york do

medal of honor was given, movie, married, made a bible school

armistice was signed when

november 11, 1918 at 11 am

casualities of the war included:

many dead of disease, wounded, shell shock, northern france was ruined by trench warfare

what epedimic happened

influenza epidemic

sedition act

crime to speak negtively about the US or its allies during world war

influenza becomes known as spanish influenza why?

spain is neutral and publishing their numbers only legal place they can talk about

14 points

before the war ended, president wilson drafted a peace plan known as 14 points

WW1 was an oppurtunity for what

proggressive movement: the US attmpt to bring reform and democracy to the world

key ideas of 14 points

eliminate causes of war, self determination, league of nations

league of nations

an assembly of nations, whose job was to protect the independence of all countries

who attended the paris peace conference

US, UK, france, italy

what did the UK france and italy want for the peace treaty

punish germany

what was in the final peace treaty

lauge of nations, none of the other 14 points

treaty of versailles

germany had to take full blame for the war, leauge of nations created

what happened to wilson

had a stroke whil doing a us tour for sopport

why did congress turn down treaty of versailes

leuge of nations

post war impact

gov contols removed from economy becauuse war material production stops which lead to inflation and fewer jobs

workers demand what

higher wages (stikes)

racism after war

blacks blames for taking jobs

red scare in us

links radicalis to immagrants

what else is after the war

bombs by radicals, palmer raids

warren G harding election of 1920

republicans return to normal

new approach for how americans live in the 1920s

YOLO. scared by experinces of war, many throw off traditional values

prohibition leads to

Speakeasies and gang violence

how did womens rights change post war?

more women attend college and taking jobs, many cut their hair, wore short skirts and pants

flappers

young women who smoked, drank, cursed, worse makeup, with boys

how did entertainment change

mass media: music, sports, movies, heroes

new music

jazz, blues, country

movies

silent films and first talkies. charlie chaplin

sports

babe ruth

heroes

charles lindenburgh- first solo flight across atlantic ocean

great migration

many african americans move to industrial cities in the north

harlem renaissance

celebration of black art, music, and literature

how did the harlem renaissance help african americans

instilled pride, defiance, and confidence, connected white audiance to african american works

writters from harlem renaissance

langston hughes, zora neale hurston

jazz singer

louis armstrong, duke ellington

blues singer

bessie smith