Social Psychology Notes

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21 Terms

1

Social Psychology

The study of how individuals interact with one another.

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2

Sociology

The study of how groups interact with each other.

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3

Attribution

The process of explaining the causes of behavior.

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4

Dispositional Internal Attribution

Behavior driven by an individual's personality, feelings, or abilities.

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5

External Attribution

Behavior driven by outside situations.

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6

Fundamental Attribution Error

The tendency to overemphasize dispositional attribution and underestimate situational factors.

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7

Self-Serving Bias

The tendency to attribute successes to oneself and failures to external factors.

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8

Actor-Observer Bias

The tendency to attribute others' behaviors to their character and one's own behaviors to the situation.

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9

Explanatory Styles

The way individuals explain negative events, either optimistically or pessimistically.

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10

Locus of Control

The extent to which individuals believe their actions influence outcomes (internal vs. external).

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11

Cognitive Dissonance

The mental discomfort experienced when actions and beliefs are not in harmony.

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12

Central Processing

Evaluating a persuasive message logically and analytically, leading to lasting change in attitude.

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13

Peripheral Processing

Being persuaded by cues outside the message, resulting in temporary attitude change.

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14

Halo Effect

The tendency for one positive trait to influence perceptions of other unrelated traits.

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15

Mere Exposure Effect

The phenomenon where repeated exposure to a stimulus increases liking for it.

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16

Foot-in-the-Door Technique

A persuasion strategy where a small request is followed by a larger one.

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17

Door-in-the-Face Technique

A persuasion strategy where a large request is followed by a smaller one.

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18

Conformity

The adjustment of thoughts or behaviors to align with group standards.

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19

Social Norms

The accepted standards of behavior within a society.

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20

Prejudice

An unjustified attitude toward a group, often negative.

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21

Altruism

Unselfish regard for the welfare of others.

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