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Social Psychology
The study of how individuals interact with one another.
Sociology
The study of how groups interact with each other.
Attribution
The process of explaining the causes of behavior.
Dispositional Internal Attribution
Behavior driven by an individual's personality, feelings, or abilities.
External Attribution
Behavior driven by outside situations.
Fundamental Attribution Error
The tendency to overemphasize dispositional attribution and underestimate situational factors.
Self-Serving Bias
The tendency to attribute successes to oneself and failures to external factors.
Actor-Observer Bias
The tendency to attribute others' behaviors to their character and one's own behaviors to the situation.
Explanatory Styles
The way individuals explain negative events, either optimistically or pessimistically.
Locus of Control
The extent to which individuals believe their actions influence outcomes (internal vs. external).
Cognitive Dissonance
The mental discomfort experienced when actions and beliefs are not in harmony.
Central Processing
Evaluating a persuasive message logically and analytically, leading to lasting change in attitude.
Peripheral Processing
Being persuaded by cues outside the message, resulting in temporary attitude change.
Halo Effect
The tendency for one positive trait to influence perceptions of other unrelated traits.
Mere Exposure Effect
The phenomenon where repeated exposure to a stimulus increases liking for it.
Foot-in-the-Door Technique
A persuasion strategy where a small request is followed by a larger one.
Door-in-the-Face Technique
A persuasion strategy where a large request is followed by a smaller one.
Conformity
The adjustment of thoughts or behaviors to align with group standards.
Social Norms
The accepted standards of behavior within a society.
Prejudice
An unjustified attitude toward a group, often negative.
Altruism
Unselfish regard for the welfare of others.
