Chemistry Ch.6

Wavelength

distance from peak to peak

frequency

how many wavelengths pass in a given time

every electron has a unique energy

• how attracted it is to the nucleus

• closer to nucleus stronger attraction

• energy calculated

Calculation with wavelength and frequency

c= λ(wavelength in m)*v(frequency Hz)

calculation with energy and frequency

E(jules) = h(planks constant)* v

other calculation with energy and wavelength

E= hc/ λ

orbital diagrams

way of locating each individual electron in an atom

Schrodinger’s equation

n: principle quantam # “energy level”

&; angular momentum “shape”

• S= O

• p= 8

• d= pacifier

• f= too complex

M_e: magnetic quantum number “plane”

• S=1

• P=3

• D=5

• F=7

M_s: spin +1/2, -1/2

orbital diagram

6s_

5p_ _ _

4d _ _ _ _ _

5s_

4p_ _ _

3d_ _ _ _ _

4s_

3p_ _ _

3s_

2p _ _ _

2s_

1s_

Aufbau principle

follow energy orbital then move up “bottom up:

Hunds Rule

single occupy before pairing

Pauli exclusion

no two electrons can have same quantum “opposit spin”