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Judicial Branch
the branch of government that interprets laws
Article III
Which Article of the U.S. Constitution sets up the Judicial Branch?
Supreme Court
the highest federal court in the United States; established by the U.S. Constitution
2 (Federal and State)
How many courts systems are there in the United States?
Federal Court System
Deals with disputes about laws that apply to the entire United States
State Court System
Deals with disputes about state laws
Federal Courts
Which courts try cases involving national laws, the U.S. Constitution, or disputes between citizens of different states?
State Courts
courts which deal with state criminal and civil cases and appeals.
criminal case
a case in which a defendant is tried for committing a crime as defined by the law
civil case
a case involving the rights of citizens
Jury Trial and Bench Trial
What are the two types of trials?
Evidence
material presented as proof at a trial; witnesses, videos, photographs, fabric, weapons, etc.
district courts
Lowest level of federal courts, where federal cases begin &trials are held (bank robbery, environmental violations, tax evasion)
Jury Trial
A trial where a group of people listens to the evidence and decides the case
verdict
the decision a jury makes in a trial; the decision said by the jury
bench trial
A trial in which the judge alone hears the case
appeal
To ask a higher court to review the decision and determine if justice was done
appellate
Authority of court to review a decision of a lower court or administrative agency.
trial court, court of appeals, Supreme Court
What is the order in the court system as a case goes "up" through the system?
panel
When more than one judge listens to a case
9
How many justices are on the Supreme Court?
Chief Justice
justice on the Supreme Court who presides over the Court's public sessions
John Roberts
Who is the Chief Justice of the Supreme Court?
Judicial Review
review by the US Supreme Court of the constitutional validity of a legislative act; this is NOT actually in the Constitution, but it is a power of the Judicial Branch.
Full Faith and Credit Clause
Constitution's requirement that each state accept the public acts, records, and judicial proceedings of every other state
Article IV of the Constitution
addresses relationship between the federal and state governments
Full Faith and Credit Clause, fugitive slaves, admitting new states, and guaranteeing republican governments and protection
The Main ideas of Article IV - The States
Amending the Constitution
Article V of the U.S. Constitution is about what?
2/3 of congress and 3/4 of states
What are the fractions needed in Congress and from the states to amend the Constitution
Article VI
Which Article of the U.S. Constitution of the U.S. Constitution states the Constitution is the Supreme Law of the Land?
Article VII
Which article is about ratification of the Constitution?
9 out of 13
How many states were needed to ratify the U.S. Constitution?
Note 
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