BP and Pulse

in the fifth intercostal space with the bicuspid on the left and the tricuspid on the right of the breast bone

Where is the first heart sound best heard when using a stethoscope?

in the second intercostal space with the aortic SL valve on the right and the pulmonary SL valve on the left of the breast bone

Where is the second heart sound best heard when using a stethoscope?

pressure wave

As blood is ejected from the heart and into the aorta, a ________ _______ is formed.

much faster

Is the movement of the pressure wave faster or slower than the movement of blood inside the vessel?

the arterial walls

As the pressure wave moves, what does it expand?

systolic pressure

maximum pressure found in the artery

diastolic pressure

lowest pressure found in the artery

systolic pressure

pressure associated with ventricular ejection

diastolic pressure

pressure associated with ventricular relaxation

pulse pressure

determines the strength of the pulse felt in an artery

semilunar valve closing

What is the dicrotic notch associated with?

weak

pulse pressure is small, which means weak or strong pulse?

blood pressure

the force exerted by the blood against the wall of the blood vessel

in the arteries

Where does the blood exert the highest pressure?

systolic pressure

in an artery, is produced by the contraction of the heart

diastolic pressure

the minimum pressure in an artery

elasticity, smooth

Diastolic pressure is produced by the ________ of the artery and the contraction of the arterial ______ muscles.

MAP (mean arterial pressure)

weighted mean which nudges the value of the mean more toward the DP due to its importance in the health of the arteries

DP + 1/3 (SP-DP)

MAP =

Cardiac Output (CO) and Total Peripheral Resistance (TPR)

MAP is a product of what two things?

HR x SV

CO =

TPR

dependent on arterial vessel diameter, compliance, and shows much about the health of the heart

The veins have little smooth muscle or elastic tissue.

Why is venous pressure always very low?

increase, capacitance

Venous tone serves to increase or decrease vein diameter, making them _________ vessels.

decrease

The larger the diameter, the more blood pools in the vein, leading to ______ venous return.

less, increase

The smaller the diameter, the ____ the vein is able to pool, leading to an ______ venous return.

SP - DP

Pulse Pressure (PP) =

arterial blood flow is stopped; the high pressure in the cuff causes the artery to collapse

What happens when the BP cuff is placed on the upper arm and inflated?

when the SP exceeds the cuff pressure

When does blood slowly flow back to the arm? (partially collapsed artery)

as soon as the artery becomes partially collapsed from being fully collapsed (turbulent blood flow)

When can you first hear Korotkoff sounds with a BP cuff?

diastolic BP

cuff pressure decreased; the cuff pressure at the point of sound muffling

DP

Disappearance of sound is commonly used to determine ___.

when full blood flow is established

When do the Korotkoff sounds stop?