Time Period 6

Gilded Age

Period of economic growth with corruption (1865-1898).

Industrial Revolution

Technological advancements leading to economic growth.

Social Problems

Issues like child labor and wealth disparity.

Monopolies

Large companies outcompeting smaller businesses.

Social Darwinism

Belief that social status reflects personal merit.

Gospel of Wealth

Rich have duty to help the poor.

Interstate Commerce Act

1887 law regulating trade between states.

Economic Growth

Astronomical increase in production and profits.

Corporate Consolidation

Merging of companies to dominate markets.

Child Labor

Exploitation of children in factories.

Poor Working Conditions

Unsafe environments and long hours for workers.

Technological Innovations

Advancements like light bulbs and telegraphs.

Railroads

Transformed goods transport and created time zones.

Financial Crises

Economic panics affecting lower classes severely.

Unregulated Market

Lack of government oversight on businesses.

Greedy Bank Workers

Individuals making unwise financial decisions.

Rags to Riches

Idea that hard work leads to success.

Heightened Economic Growth

Increased production due to faster machines.

Exploitation of Workers

Businesses taking advantage of labor for profit.

Lack of Government Regulation

Insufficient laws to protect workers and consumers.

Time Zones

Standardized time for train schedules and travel.

Sherman Antitrust Act

Legislation to prevent monopolies in business.

Political Bosses

Powerful elites controlling politics through worker votes.

Civil Service Reform

Movement to eliminate the Spoils System.

Pro-business Supreme Court

Court often rejected federal business regulations.

Role of President

Title with minimal influence during Gilded Age.

Unions

Worker groups formed to negotiate workplace issues.

Knights of Labor

Notable union associated with radicalism and failure.

Haymarket Square Riot

Violent protest linked to union activities.

Socialists

Political group advocating for worker rights, led by Debs.

Populists

Party promoting progressive reforms against economic issues.

Shorter Workdays

Advocated by Populists for better labor conditions.

Graduated Income Tax

Tax system where rates increase with income.

Spanish American War

Conflict to end Spanish rule, expanding U.S. territory.

Territorial Gains

U.S. acquired Cuba, Guam, Puerto Rico, Philippines.

Hawaii Annexation

Hawaii became U.S. territory after economic manipulation.

Factories

Industrial sites employing cheap, desperate labor.

Ford's Assembly Line

Repetitive work method increasing production efficiency.

City Slums

Overcrowded areas with poor living conditions.

Racism in Employment

Minorities often received lower-paying jobs.

Settlement Houses

Community centers aiding immigrants in urban areas.

Family Life Challenges

Economic struggles led to changing family roles.

Child Labor

Children worked instead of attending school.

Farm Consolidation

Large farms outcompete smaller farmers for land.

Crop-Lien System

Poor farmers borrow land, leading to debt.

Legal Discrimination

Systematic racial inequality enforced by laws.

Plessy vs. Ferguson

Supreme Court case endorsing 'separate but equal'.

Jim Crow Laws

Legislation enforcing racial segregation in the South.

Booker T. Washington

Advocated for black education and assimilation.

The New South

Economic development in the post-Civil War South.

Frontier

Western territories developed through ranching and mining.

Homestead Act

Government sold land cheaply to encourage settlement.

Turner's Frontier Thesis

Westward expansion ensures democracy and economic opportunity.

Interstate Commerce Act

Regulated railroad prices to protect farmers.

Farmers Alliance

Political group advocating for farmers' rights and reforms.

Tariff Debate

Discussions on taxes imposed on imported goods.

Silver vs. Gold Currency

Debate over monetary standard for currency.

Nativism

Hostility towards immigrants and foreign cultures.

Settlement Houses

Community centers aiding immigrant education and assimilation.

Chinese Exclusion Act

1882 law banning Chinese immigration to the US.

Reservation Lands

Areas designated for Native American habitation.

Dawes Severalty Act

Attempted to assimilate Native Americans through land distribution.

Carlisle Schools

Institutions aimed at assimilating Native American children.

Battle of Wounded Knee

Conflict marking the end of Native American resistance.

Women's Suffrage

Movement advocating for women's right to vote.

Social Work

Profession emerging from needs in urban communities.