Introduction to Chemistry and Properties of Matter

Flashcards reviewing introductory chemistry concepts, branches of chemistry, properties of matter, and physical vs. chemical changes.

How is chemistry defined in terms of its core study?

Chemistry is the central science and science of materials that deals with composition, structure, and changes.

What is considered the main building block of chemistry?

The atom.

What is the definition of matter?

Matter is anything that occupies space and has mass.

Are forms of energy classified as matter?

No, forms of energy are not matter.

What is organic chemistry?

The branch of chemistry that deals with carbon based compounds.

What is catenation in organic chemistry?

The ability of carbon to form long C-C chains.

What are examples of products and fields associated with organic chemistry?

Examples include medicine, gasoline, and nylon, with applications in medicine, materials, environment, food, and agriculture.

What does inorganic chemistry deal with?

Non-carbon compounds, such as pure metals, minerals, and non metallic salts.

What are examples of materials studied in inorganic chemistry?

Stainless steel, battery, nickel, iron, etc.

What is biochemistry?

The study of chemical processes inside the biological system, such as enzymes, cell digestion, and DNA replication.

What are examples of biochemistry applications?

Yogurt production and disease treatment.

What does analytical chemistry deal with?

Qualitative and quantitative methods, including measuring quantities and detection.

What is an example of an application of analytical chemistry?

Water safety tests.

What is physical chemistry?

The branch of chemistry that applies physics theories to chemistry, examining energy absorption, reaction speeds, phase changes, and heat transfer.

What is an example application of physical chemistry?

Fire extinguishers.

What is a physical property?

A characteristic that can be observed without changing the substance into a new chemical composition (e.g., water boiling).

What is a chemical property?

A description of how a substance reacts or transforms into an entirely new substance (e.g., milk curdling if left in the heat).

What is an intensive property?

A physical property that does not depend on the amount of substance being examined (e.g., temperature of soup when you scoop out a bowl).

What is an extensive property?

A physical property that depends on the amount of substance and changes when matter is added or removed (e.g., mass (KG) of lechon).

What is a physical change?

A process that changes the physical properties of a substance without changing its chemical composition (e.g., breaking or crushing something).

What is a chemical change?

A process where one or more substance is converted to a new one (e.g., trash burning and rusting).