PART 107 MR MIGS CLASSROOM

Latitude

horizontal lines

measures distance N & S from the equator

equator is a latitude line

as you go N -> degrees get larger

Longitude

vertical lines

measures distance E & W from the prime meridian

as you go W from the prime meridian -> degrees get larger

Prime Meridian/Greenwich meridian

longitudinal line that goes through UK

How many minutes in each degree

60 minutes

How many seconds in each minute

60 seconds

On a sectional chart, each tick mark equals

one minute

1 minute latitude = _ nautical miles = _ land miles

1 minute latitude = 1 nautical mile = 1.15 land (statute) miles

In US, will longitude or latitude always be greater

Longitude

What is every 5th, 10th, and 30 minutes

every 5th minute is a slightly larger tick mark

every 10th minute is an even larger grid mark

every 30 minutes is an additional grid line, but not numbered

For air traffic patterns, they drop ______ to save space

drop 0s

N = 0

E = 90

S = 18

W = 27

Runways are based off of ______ directions

compass directions

N = 0

E = 90

S = 18

W = 27

What are headings?

Plane is landing/taking off heading in that direction

Heading onto runway 9 - heading 90 degrees or E

How do we name the runways?

Call the runway the direction in which the aircraft is heading

Heading E - runway 9

Heading W - runway 27

Planes like to take off and land _____ the wind bc it helps w lift

into the wind

So if wind is coming from the W, the plane will take off heading in what direction

West

What does "Left Downwind for Runway One Six" mean?

left - plane is making left turns

downwind - leg of the landing

runway one six - direction plane will land in

What are the legs of an airplane's landing?

Downwind leg - heading exact opposite direction to the direction plane will land in bc going w the wind

then takes a left turn

base leg - before turn to go in direction the wind is coming from and land

To get the opposite degrees from what you are given, add or subtract _____

180 degrees

if greater than 180, subtract 180

Left Downwind for Runway One Six" - what is the heading of the aircraft?

34 or 340 degrees

Midfield left downwind

Runway 36

Where is the aircraft relative to the runway

midfield - middle of the runway

West

Planes usually land taking _____ turns

left

What are the airspace classes?

A, B, C, D, E, G

Alpha

Bravo

Charlie

Delta

Echo

Gulf

What is AGL?

height Above Ground Level

Which airspace is given in AGL?

Class E

Do sUAS reference AGL or MSL when flying?

AGL

What is MSL?

height above Mean Sea Level

Which airspaces use MSL?

Class B, C, D

Do manned aircraft use AGL or MSL?

altimeters calibrated to MSL

but pilots have to calculate how high they actually are off the ground

Class Alpha

covers entire USA

starts at 18,000' MSL

we will not fly in as drone pilots

not related to a particular airport

With the exception of Class A, the rest of the airspaces are related to ______

airports

The higher Class airspace it has, the ________ airport it is

larger

Class Bravo airspace are the ______ airports in the US

biggest, busiest

What does Class Bravo airspace look like?

upside down cake

On a section chart, Class Bravo airspace is denoted by a

solid blue line

Does Class Bravo require ATC approval to fly in?

yes, for drones too

What indicates different levels of Class B airspace?

a series of blue rings

What does the inside circle designate?

That that airspace is over the airport directly, and starts at ground level

As the series of blue rings gets closer and closer to the airport, the Class B airspace rating gets

closer and closer to the ground

What does 100/SFC mean? What does 100/18 mean?

ceiling/floor of airspace (MSL)

add two zeros

100/SFC -> 10,000 ft ceiling, surface is the floor

100/18 -> 10,000 ft ceiling, 1800 ft is the floor

If we were inside the second circle and it said 100/18 and we were below 1800 ft, would we be able to fly our drone?

Yes

Class C encompasses the

next busiest airports in the US, like larger regional airports

On a sectional chart, Class C airspaces will be denoted by a

solid magenta line

How many tiers are on a Class C upside down wedding cake?

two

two circles centered around the primary airport

Does Class Charlie airspace require approval to fly in

yes, there is no published timeframe to gain approval

What are the radii of the inner and outer circles of Class Charlie airspace?

Usually:

• inner circle radius of 5 nautical miles (NM)

• outer circle radius of 10 NM

What is the typical ceiling of Class C airspace?

4000 ft MSL

How many cake layers does Class Delta have around the airport?

Only one

Class Delta may include one or _________

more nearby airports

ex. Air Force base

On a sectional chart, Class D airspace will be denoted by a

dashed blue line

Does Class D airspace require approval to fly in?

yes

there is no published timeframe to gain approval

What is the usual radius of Class D centered around a designated airport?

4 NM

What is the typical ceiling of Class Delta airspace?

2500 ft

What conditions cause additional restrictions to go into affect and may preclude UAS operations for Class Delta airspace?

Less than a 1000 ft ceiling

and/or visibility is less than three statute miles

If a Class D ATC closes at night, it turns into a

Class E or a combo of E & G

Number inside a dashed blue box indicates what for the Class D airspace? Example: [29]

indicates that the Class D airspace starts at the ground surface and extends up to and including 2900 ft MSL