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Flashcards covering key physics concepts from O-Level lecture notes.
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What is the formula to determine density?
Density = mass/volume
What unit is density measured in?
Kilogram per cubic meter (kg/m³) or grams per cubic centimeter (g/cm³)
What is the principle of moments?
For an object in equilibrium, the total clockwise moment about any pivot equals the total anticlockwise moment.
What does Ohm's Law state?
The current through a conductor between two points is directly proportional to the voltage across the two points, provided the temperature remains constant.
What is an example of a use of electromagnetic induction?
Transformers, which are used to change voltage levels in an electric circuit.
What is the difference between alternating current (AC) and direct current (DC)?
AC constantly changes direction, while DC flows in one direction only.
What are the three types of radioactive decay?
Alpha, Beta, and Gamma decay.
How does radiation affect living cells?
Radiation can damage or kill cells by ionizing atoms in the cell, which can lead to cancer or cell death.
What does the half-life of a radioactive substance indicate?
The time required for half the quantity of a radioactive substance to decay.
What is the total momentum before and after a collision in a closed system?
The total momentum is conserved; it remains the same before and after the collision.
Why is static electricity useful in spray painting?
Charged droplets of paint are attracted to a grounded object, resulting in less wasted paint and a uniform finish.
What is Earth’s gravitational pull approximately equal to?
10 N/kg.
What is the role of neutrons in the nucleus of an atom?
Neutrons help stabilize the nucleus by reducing the repulsive forces between positively charged protons.