Anatomy of the Skull, Vertebral Column, and Thoracic Cage Flashcards | Quizlet

How many bones are in the axial skeleton?

80 bones.

How many bones make up the skull?

22 bones.

What are the two main categories of skull bones?

Cranial bones (8) and facial bones (14).

What is the only freely movable bone in the skull?

Mandible.

What are the divisions of the cranium?

Cranial vault (calvaria) and cranial base.

What is the mnemonic for the eight cranial bones?

Funny People Try Out Spicy Eggs (Frontal, Parietal, Temporal, Occipital, Sphenoid, Ethmoid).

What are the four major sutures of the skull?

Coronal, sagittal, lambdoid, squamous.

What is the shape of the sphenoid bone?

Butterfly-shaped.

What is the function of the zygomatic bones?

Form the cheekbones and inferolateral orbit.

What is the purpose of the lacrimal bones?

Form the medial walls of the orbits and assist in tear drainage.

What is the function of the palatine bones?

Form the posterior hard palate.

What does the vomer bone form?

The inferior portion of the nasal septum.

How many bones form each orbit?

Seven bones: frontal, sphenoid, zygomatic, maxilla, palatine, lacrimal.

What are the functions of the paranasal sinuses?

Lighten the skull and improve voice resonance.

Where is the hyoid bone located?

Inferior to the mandible in the anterior neck.

How many bones are in the adult spine?

26 bones.

How many separate vertebrae does a fetus have?

33 separate vertebrae.

What are the five regions of the vertebral column?

Cervical (7), Thoracic (12), Lumbar (5), Sacral (5 fused), Coccygeal (3-5 fused).

What are the primary curvatures of the spine?

Thoracic and sacral curvatures, present at birth and convex posteriorly.

What are the secondary curvatures of the spine?

Cervical and lumbar curvatures, develop after birth and concave posteriorly.

What is scoliosis?

A lateral/sideways curve of the spine.

What is kyphosis?

An exaggerated thoracic curve, often referred to as hunchback.

What are the components of an intervertebral disc?

Nucleus pulposus (soft center) and annulus fibrosus (strong outer ring).

What is unique about C1 (Atlas)?

It has no body or spinous process and supports the skull.

What are the three parts of the sternum?

Manubrium, body, and xiphoid process.