Chapter 2: Physical and Chemical Changes

What are some physical properties?

-Melting point
-Boiling point
-Solubility in other substances
-Density with the associated property of specific gravity

What is the melting point?

Temperature at a given pressure at which a substance changes from the solid state to the liquid state

What is the boiling point?

The temperature at which a substance changes from the liquid state to gaseous state depending on atmospheric conditions
100 C, 212 F

What is solubility?

Measurement of how much of a substance will dissolve in a given amount of liquid

What is density?

The relationship between a substance mass and the volume occupied by that mass
-Mass per volume
-Measured in grams per ML for solids and liquids
-Gases are measured in grams per liter

What is the formula for density?

Density = Mass / Volume

What is specific gravity?

Physical property that is closely related to density. Expressed as a ratio of the mass of the substance to the mass of water

What is the formula for specific gravity?

specific gravity = density of a substance / density of an equal volume of H2O

What are chemical properties?

Characteristics that can be observed when the substance is interacting with other fomrs of matter. This interaction will result in alteration of the chemical composition of the substance. Manifests a new chemical property, forms a new subtance with its own chemical and physical properties

What are some examples of chemical changes?

Rusting iron, burning paper, cremation, souring milk, decomp

What is oxidation?

A substance containing only 2 elements, one of which is oxygen. Whenever matter is burnt in the presence of oxygen, producing an oxide (AKA combustion)

What is decomp?

The breakdown of biochemical compounds into smaller, simpler types of matter. Initiauted by a process called hydrolysis (destruction by water)
-In the presence of moisture, enzymes begin chemical changes that alter the originall composition and properties of proteins, fats and carbs