20s and 30s

History

Dust bowl

A drought in the 1930s that turned the praires very dry. 25% of arable land is affected. plants get sick from dust.

When did residential school become mandatory?

1920

Less is more theory residential schools

the government gave less education to more Indigenous children because the residential schools were underfunded

When was the peak of residential schools?

1931

What were the main churches involved in residential schools?

Catholic, Church of England, United churches, Presbyterian and others

Liquor permit

you would have to show this if you wanted alcohol following prohibition

punishment examples in residential schools

adhesive over mouth, beatings, needles in tongue, writing lines

What approximate percentage of residential school children never returned home?

50%

who were the famous five?

Emily Murphy, Nellie Mc Clung, Irene parlby, Henrietta Edwards, Louise McKinney

was Emily murphy a judge?

yes, she fought to be recognized as a person

Person's case

1921, women over the age of 30 could vote but could not be members of the senate because they were not considered as persons. They appealed to Privy Council in England who decided that women were persons and could be part of the senate

why did the British council think women had been excluded from the term person?

bc deliberate assemblies of the early tribes were attended by men under arms [carrying weapons] and women did not bear arms, so they wouldn't have been there

what did the British Council think about excluding women from the term person

that it was a relic from more barbarous days then ours.

how did the British council justify their decision

by saying that they weren't changing women's rights but rather answering a question about their eligibility for a particular position

why was al capone referred to as public enemy number one?

because he never got caught for many murders

Mah-Jong

chinese game involving dice and dominoes, became popular in the twenties bc of more trade

how did Al Capone make his money?

selling booze

What was prohibition?

banning of alcohol

When did prohibition begin in Canada?

started to ban alcohol in 1916

pros of prohibition

money was used for families, more people went to work (no hangovers), less crime, more food for soldiers (wheat turned into bread not booze), less public drunkenness, less domestic violence

cons of prohibition

government can't tax alcohol and is losing what could be their money, drug empires are being built

why did the government stop prohibitions

so they could get tax money and so people would not be mad at them

cat's meow

very nice

the berries

the best

big cheese

the boss

all wet

unrealistic

bees knees

wonderful person

flat tire

dull person

upchuck

vomit

ossified

drunk

giggle water

alcohol

cheaters

eyeglasses

lamps

eyes

applesauce

nonsense

ritzy

elegant

Heebie Jeebies

nervousness

Real McCoy

genuine

flapper

a women who dressed outragously and wore things that clashed on purpose

young men clothing 1920's

short bobbed hair, parted in the middle and greased down, baggy pants and bright hats and ties

Charleston

Famous dance of the 1920s made popular by the flappers

why was the electric radio so good?

because it added a speaker and battery source so more than one person could listen to it.

what did the radio do to the world?

made the world feel smaller and more connected

gramophone vs phonograph

gramophone used scrolls and records and had to be wound. the phonograph had a fuller sound

catholic views on jazz

slutty and undignified

where did jazz come from

New Orleans

jazz evolution from 1920 to 1930

it became more sophisticated and less improvised

economic cycle

peak/prosperity, recession, depression, recovery/expansion

King-Byng Affair

constitutional crisis that occurred in 1926 when the Governor General of Canada, refused a request by the Prime Minister, Mackenzie King, to dissolve parliament and call a general election.

How long was P.M King in power

22 years, longest reigning PM ever

What was the One Big Union?

included all working men and women, organized the winnipeg general strike

When was the Winnipeg general strike and how long did it last?

It happened on May 15th and lasted for six months

Bloody Saturday

June 21, 1919, when the Royal North-West Mounted Police charged a crowd of protesters during the Winnipeg General Strike and killed a man

5 cent speech

King said that he wouldn't give five cents to any province with a Conservative government. this ended in him losing the election right before the Great Depression

why did people hate P.M Benett?

they blamed all their poverty on him. Newspapers were benett blankets, horse drawn cars were Benett buggys, the list goes on.

Committee of 1000

Made up of manufacturers, bankers, politicians who were opposed to the Winnipeg General strike. Arthur Meighan met with them and helped them shut down the strike.

When was Bloody Saturday?

June 21, 1919

When did the Winnipeg General Strike end?

five days after bloody saturday; June 26th

why did the one big union express solidarity for the Russian revolution?

because they thought that the Red Army's revolt was justified given their living conditions

Foster Hewitt

first radio announcer in the 20's. developed "he shoots, he scores!". Canadian

What did Edward Rogers develop in 1925?

electric radio

What was Henry Ford's dream?

to create the assembly line

How did cars create suburbs?

people no longer had to be as close to their jobs, so it just made more sense for them to live in less congested areas.

what is the assembly line?

Introduced by Henry Ford in 1913. It makes it so that everyone does something small and doesn't have to be a specialized worker in order to make complicated things.

what is the importance of standardized parts?

it makes it so that you don't need someone special to manufacture different parts; if they are all standardized you can get a specific part from more places instead of relying on one person.

how did automobiles change the way people lived?

made faster and more efficient transportation, made people able to live further away from their jobs, created more roads and jobs because people have to maintain roads, created the automobile industry which employs a lot of people

what did Borden do after the war?

he resigned in 1919 bc he was exhausted

what is meant by division of labour?

splitting up the production process into small tasks, with each employee being responsible for a specific task so that they don't have to hire expensive people who can do all the tasks.

What did the Conservatives accuse the liberals of doing during the King-Byng affair?

taking money from rum-runners

what triggered the King-Byng affair?

when the Progressives and Conservatives allied themselves to try to unseat King. King then asked Byng to dissolve parliament so he could get a majority gov't.

why did King resign?

because Byng decided not to force the Progressives and Conservatives to be a minority gov't

who became PM after King resigned?

Arthur Meighan. His government failed.

How did the King-Byng affair end?

King got his majority gov't

what happened regionally in Canada during the 20's?

much more raw resources exported, Canada becomes more urbanized, new political parties in the west, coal is being replaced by hydro and oil

tarriff's in the 20's

they are high, and farmers want them to be lower, high tariffs and freight rates

economy canada 1920's

many leave for the US, east coast is suffering economically

freight

Goods carried from place to place, as by plane, boat, truck, or train.

Quebec in the 20's

separatist movements, mad over prohibition, hard feelings over conscription (enlisting forcefully)

problems with credit 1920's

many people bought things even if they didn't have the money - "buy now, pay later"

how many families owned cars by 1929?

50% of them

urban sprawl

the unplanned and uncontrolled spreading of cities into surrounding regions. Automobiles make this possible.

Group of Seven

group of Canadian landscape painters in the 1920s. Tom Thompson

NHL

formed in 1917

why were more people able to affords cars after 1920?

because the assembly line was created, which made it much easier for factories to pump out lots of cars. Huge supply means less demand, which means they don't cost as much.

what caused Black Tuesday

Monday: Crash, banks called their loans in (sell or post) which preserves their principle they lent out. EVERYONE sold on Tuesday. supply goes up demand goes down

Statistics about Saskatchewan during the Great Depression

66% of the population was on relief, there was a 90% decline in provincial income

what was King's plan to deal with the Great Depression?

he wanted to wait it out; said it was a natural part of the economic cycle.

What did Bennett try to do to help the Depression?

He supported tariffs (which actually made things worse) and provided a lot of relief money. Progressive taxation- taxed based on income, Unemployment insurance and maximum work week, tries to implement standard prices for grain- not used

what did you need to qualify for relief?

have no driver license or liquor permit, prove that you live in town for a while, and prove that you can't pay electricity, water, rent or food bills. Also, not be able to get a job and work in municipal projects.

Canadian exports during the Great Depression

bad; we became too reliant on exporting natural resources, so when our exports dropped 67% from 1929-1933 Canadians got screwed

How did lack of financial regulations lead to the Great Depression?

the banks invested their customers money in stocks. when they crashed, they couldn't pay their customers back.

vulnerabilities of being a branch economy

Canada is super reliant on the US, so when the US economy crashed it dragged Canada down too

how did tariffs screw up world trade?

Canada put tariffs, so everyone else did too, and that just made trade drop a lot. 3 years after Black Tuesday world trade had dropped by 50%

How did the media make things worse on Black Tuesday

they spread fear in order to get views. this led to mass panic and led to more people cashing out their stocks, decreasing the value of stocks even more.

relief camps

"slave camps". for the unemployed men - the biggest danger to the government. exhausting labor for very little pay

Sons of Mitches

Secret police force in the 30s that followed the Ontario Premier

Why were flappers called flappers?

Because the buckles on their boots would not be tied and would flap

What early radio used cat whiskers to tune

Crystal set

Bluenose

Ship on the Canadian dime

Why did Oshawa strike in 1937

To get an 8 hour day and a fair wage

What town was a riot during the 30's

Regina - where on to Ottawa trek was stopped