Unit 3 Chemistry Study Guide

Rule 1 of Kinetic Molecular Theory

Consists of a large number of molecules that are in a continuous random motion.

Rule 2 of Kinetic Molecular Theory

The volume of a gas molecule is negligible compared to the total volume occupied by the gas. Gases are mostly empty space and highly compressible.

Rule 3 of Kinetic Molecular Theory

The attractive and repulsive forces between individual particles is negligible, meaning particles behave independently of each other.

Rule 4 of Kinetic Molecular Theory

Energy can be transferred between molecules during a collision, but the average kinetic energy does not change. Gas molecules move very quickly in straight lines and have perfectly elastic collisions.

Rule 5 of Kinetic Molecular Theory

The average kinetic energy is proportional to the temperature of the system, meaning that at any time, gas molecules have th same amount of kinetic energy.

Combined gas law formula

(P1V1)/(n1T1) = (P2V2)/(n2T2)

Ideal Gas Law formula

PV = nRT

What is R

0.0821 (atm x L)/(mol x K)

What is temperature always measured in

Kelvins

What is the triple point

it is the point on graph where at a specific pressure and temperature, a substance’s solid, liquid, and gas phases can all coexist at the same time.

Transformation from solid to liquid

Melting

Transformation from liquid to solid

freezing

Transformation from solid to gas

sublimation

Transformation from gas to solid

deposition

Transformation from liquid to gas

Vaporization

Transformation from gas to liquid

condensation

Critical point

the point at which a substance’s gas and liquid phases become indistinguishable from one another at a specific pressure and temperature.