1. Remember and Understand

Episodic Memory

Memory for events and experiences, severely impaired in early Alzheimer's disease.

Semantic Memory

General knowledge and facts, which can be degraded in semantic dementia.

Prospective Memory

Ability to remember to do things in the future, affected in most dementias and linked to executive function.

Working Memory

The capacity to hold and manipulate information briefly, often impaired due to frontal lobe damage.

Procedural Memory

Skills and habits, which are often preserved in early dementia.

Luria's Functional Systems

A model suggesting cognitive functions are distributed across various brain regions rather than localized.

Default Mode Network (DMN)

Dysfunction affects prospective memory and personal recall.

Function: Internally Focused Thought, Autobiographical memory, future thinking.

Brain areas: Medial prefrontal cortex, posterior parietal cortex, hippocampus.

Frontoparietal Control Network (FPCN)

Function: Executive control, Working memory, Flexible attention

Brain areas: Dorsolateral prefrontal cortex and posterior parietal cortex.

RBMT

Rivermead Behavioural Memory Test, used for assessing everyday memory performance.

Cross-Cultural Validity

The need to adapt memory assessments to account for cultural differences in memory norms and practices.

Luria’s Functional Systems (Unit 1,2,3)

Unit 1: Primary sensory areas receive direct sensory input. Unit 2: Integration areas synthesize information. Unit 3: Executive areas plan and regulate behavior.

Dorsal Attention Network (DAN)

Function: Goal-directed attention

Brain areas: Intraparietal sulcus, frontal eyefields

RBMT Relevant

Hippocampal Memory Network

Functions: Episodic memory coding and retrieval

Brain areas: Hippocampus, prefrontal cortex, entorhinal cortex.

Relevance to RBMT: Recall of names and events

Neuroanatomical basis of Memory

Hippocampus, amygdala, prefrontal cortex, and related structures support memory functions.

Parietal Lobe

Spatial awareness and navigation,

Posterior cortical atrophy,

Route recall and visual memory tasks

Temporal dementia

Stores semantic information and auditory memory,

Damaged in semantic dementia,

Face-name association tools

Prefrontal Cortex

Working memory, strategy use, planning.

Impaired in vascular dementia and early alzheimer’s

Hippocampus

Encodes new episodic memory,

Atrophy in early Alzheimer’s,

Poor recall in story/route subsets