Comps B: Physiological Psychology & Psychopharmacology Terms

____________ explains that each eye has its own individual viewpoint.

Select one:

A.Convergence

B.Monocular cues

C.Retinal disparity

D.Optic flow

C. Retinal Disparity

An advantage of risperidone is that it

Select one:

A.is not associated with weight gain and sexual dysfunction.

B.is less likely to produce extrapyramidal side effects than are the traditional antipsychotics.

C.does not produce neuroleptic malignant syndrome.

D.has a rapid onset of beneficial (therapeutic) effects.

B. is less likely to produce extrapyramidal side effects than are the traditional antipsychotics.

The fluid that surrounds the auditory hair cells is rich in ______________.

Select one:

A.sodium

B.potassium

C.calcium

D.magnesium

B. potassium

________ activity occurs when a person is alert and attentive to events in the environment or is thinking actively.

Select one:

A.Beta

B.Theta

C.Delta

D.Alpha

A. Beta

Damage to the ___________ causes emotional liability, poor impulse control, and impaired social insight.

Select one:

A.orbitofrontal area of prefrontal cortex

B.mediofrontal area of prefrontal cortex

C.somatosensory cortex of parietal lobe

D.dorsolateral area of prefrontal cortex

A. orbitofrontal area of the prefrontal cortex

A tumor in the medial hypothalamus is most likely to produce which of the following?

Select one:

A.indifference and apathy

B.deficits in long-term memory

C.outbursts of aggressive behavior

D.receptive aphasia

C. outbursts of aggressive behavior

Which of the following describes the most likely outcome for a one-year-old child who sustains a left-hemisphere brain injury that involves damage to Broca's area?

Select one:

A. The child will eventually exhibit language abilities in the low-normal to normal range due to a takeover of language functions by the right hemisphere.

B. The child will have substantial deficits in language production and comprehension throughout his/her life.

C.The child will have substantial deficits in language production throughout his/her life but normal language comprehension.

D. The child will eventually exhibit language abilities in the low-normal to normal range due to synaptogenesis in Broca's area.

Clear my choice

A. The child will eventually exhibit language abilities in the low-normal to normal range due to a takeover of language functions by the right hemisphere.

A patient taking the neuroleptic clozapine exhibits several symptoms including tachycardia, muscle rigidity, hyperthermia, altered consciousness, and autonomic dysfunction. The best action in this case would be to

Select one:

A.gradually reduce the drug dose until the symptoms are alleviated

B.immediately stop the drug and administer fluids and electrolytes

C.switch the patient to a traditional antipsychotic drug

D.check to see what other drugs the patient is taking since clozapine does not produce these symptoms

B. immediately stop the drug and administer fluids and electrolytes

All of the following are involved in regulating sexual behavior or activity except ____________.

Select one:

A.endorphins

B.autonomic nervous system

C.circle of willis

D.serotonin

C. circle of willis

When working with a "split-brain" patient, you would notice that he or she has the most difficulty with regard to which of the following?

Select one:

A.reflexive functions

B.executive functions

C.memory functions

D.sensory functions

D. sensory functions

The complete loss of color vision resulting from a lack of functioning cone cells is referred to as

Select one:

A.achromatopsia

B.akinetopsia

C.prosopagnosia

D.color agnosia

A. achromatopsia

Over secretion of thyroxine leads to ________.

Select one:

A.hypoglycemia

B.hypothyroidism

C.diabetes mellitus

D.Grave's Disease

D. Grave's Disease

Which of the following describes the correct sequence of events that occur during an action potential?

Select one:

A.Potassium (K+) enters the cell and the cell depolarizes; then sodium (Na+) leaves the cell and the cell repolarizes

B.Potassium (K+) leaves the cell and the cell hyperpolarizes; then sodium (Na+) enters the cell and the cell repolarizes.

C.Sodium (Na+) enters the cell and the cell depolarizes; then potassium (K+) leaves the cell and the cell repolarizes.

D.Sodium (Na+) leaves the cell and the cell hyperpolarizes; then potassium enters the cell and the cell repolarizes

C. Sodium (Na+) enters the cell and the cell depolarizes; then potassium (K+) leaves the cell and the cell repolarizes.

The pituitary gland is responsible for secreting which hormone?

Select one:

A.progesterone

B.gonadotropic

C.androstenedione

D.estrogen

B. gonadotropic

A condition called ________ occurs when levels of glucose are too low in the body, thus creating symptoms including hunger, dizziness, headaches, blurred vision, palpitations, and mood changes.

Select one:

A.anemia

B.hemophilia

C.hypoglycemia

D.hyperglycemia

C. hypoglycemia

What causes Parkinson's disease?

Select one:

A.degeneration of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra

B.degeneration of serotonin cells in the thalamus

C.degeneration of dopamine cells in the thalamus

D.proliferation of serotonin cells in the substantia nigra

A. degeneration of dopamine cells in the substantia nigra

All of the following except ________ can lead to anterograde amnesia.

Select one:

A.removal of the hippocampus

B.Korsakoff syndrome

C.severing the corpus callosum

D.traumatic brain injury

B. severing the corpus callosum

To reduce symptoms of tardive dyskinesia, which of the following would be most effective?

Select one:

A.a drug that increases serotonin levels

B.a drug that increases norepinephrine levels

C.a drug that decreases GABA levels

D.a drug that depletes dopamine levels

D. A drug that depletes dopamine levels

Which of the following individuals is at highest risk for migraine headache?

Select one:

A.a 35 year-old male who is competitive and stressed

B.a 60 year-old female who is sensitive and conscientious

C.a 35 year-old female who is perfectionistic and ambitious

D.a 50 year-old male who exercises regularly and drinks alcohol

C.a 35 year-old female who is perfectionistic and ambitious

Following a head injury, a middle-aged man experiences a loss of sensation in the fingers of his left hand. Most likely the damage involves the _________.

Select one:

A.lateral fissure

B.precentral gyrus

C.postcentral gyrus

D.precentral sulcus

C. postcentral gyrus

An MRI of a patient with Huntington's disease is most likely to show atrophy in which brain structure?

Select one:

A.caudate nucleus

B.suprachiasmatic nucleus

C.septum

D.medulla

A. caudate nucleus

The development of the nervous system naturally includes the production and alteration of neurons. ________ is the production of new cells.

Select one:

A.Synaptogenesis

B.Myelination

C.Migration

D.Proliferation

D. Proliferation

Which type of seizure affects movement and sensation, usually on one side of the body, without a loss of consciousness?

Select one:

A.absence (petit mal) seizure

B.atonic seizure

C.clonic seizure

D.simple partial seizure

D. simple partial seizure

Drugs that block the activity of __________ produce dry mouth, blurred vision, decreased sweating, and sedation.

Select one:

A.serotonin

B.acetylcholine

C.glycine

D.glutamate

B.acetylcholine

Wernicke's area is located in which area of the brain?

Select one:

A.occipital lobe

B.temporal lobe

C.frontal lobe

D.parietal lobe

B. temporal lobe

Following a stroke, a 71-year-old woman exhibits loss of vision in her right visual field. Most likely, this impairment is the result of damage to the

Select one:

A.visual cortex in her left hemisphere

B.visual cortex in her right hemisphere

C.left posterior temporal lobe

D.right posterior temporal lobe

Clear my choice

A. visual cortex in her left hemisphere

What percent of neurons are lost by the age of 70?

Select one:

A.15

B.1

C.40

D.5

B. 1

Hemiplegia affecting the right side of the body suggests damage to the

Select one:

A.motor cortex in the right hemisphere

B.motor cortex in the left hemisphere

C.somatosensory cortex in the left hemisphere

D.somatosensory cortex in the right hemisphere

B. motor cortex in the left hemisphere

Combining an MAOI with certain cold, cough, sinus, or allergy medication can produce which of the following?

Select one:

A.neuroleptic malignant syndrome

B.hypertensive crisis

C.agranulocytosis

D.tardive dyskinesia

B. hypertensive crisis

_______ reduce or block the effects of a neurotransmitter.

Select one:

A.Antagonists

B.Agonists

C.Partial agonist

D.Inverse agonist

A. Antagonists

The "therapeutic window" refers to __________.

Select one:

A.the time when a drug is effective to treat an injury

B.the time when clinical interventions can be used prior to turning to drug treatment

C.the time frame when the most effective progress can occur from treatment for neurological disorders, usually within 2 weeks from onset of symptoms

D.the time frame when therapy combined with drug treatment is most effective

A. the time when a drug is effective to treat an injury

Which area of the brain do barbiturates depress that is involved in behavioral alerting, attention, and arousal responses?

Select one:

A.brain stem

B.amygdala

C.hypothalamus

D.hippocampus

A. brain stem

Prolonged exposure to stress may lead to chronic ________ by the adrenal glands.

Select one:

A.suppression of cortisol release

B.secretion of oxytocin

C.suppression of oxytocin release

D.secretion of cortisol

D. secretion of cortisol

Tactile sensation and visuospatial functions are mediated primarily by the

Select one:

A.frontal lobe

B.parietal lobe

C.occipital lobe

D.temporal lobe

B. parietal lobe

The excess of which neurotransmitters can be a potent neuronal "excitotoxin," triggering seizures, brain damage, or other neurodegenerative disorders?

Select one:

A.glutamate

B.dopamine

C.norepinephrine

D.serotonin

A. glutamate

Which of the following is the most appropriate drug treatment for alcoholism?

Select one:

A.Disulfiram

B.Concerta

C.Demerol

D.Phenobarbital

A. Disulfiram

A person with damage to the hippocampus and adjacent areas in the temporal lobes will most likely demonstrate which of the following?

Select one:

A.loss of motor memory

B.impairments in working memory

C.inability to acquire a classically-conditioned response

D.inability to form long-term memories about facts and events

D. inability to form long-term memories about facts and events

Research on the etiology of Tourette's syndrome has linked it to excessive activity of dopamine receptors in the

Select one:

A.amygdala

B.septum

C.caudate nucleus

D.medulla oblongata

C. caudate nucleus

Tricyclics are used to treat all of the following disorders except _________.

Select one:

A.premenstrual dysphoric disorder

B.depression

C.panic disorder

D.bulimia

A. premenstrual dysphoric disorder

Up to 50% or more of individuals who experience a minor brain injury develop post-concussion syndrome. The majority of these individuals fully recover within ______. However, for those whose symptoms last for more than _________, symptoms may be permanent.

Select one:

A.one to three weeks; six months

B.one to two months; nine months

C.three to six months; two years

D.one to three months; one year

D. one to three months; one year

Specific to benzodiazepines, the drug abuse potential, behavioral-rewarding effects, and psychological dependency result from actions on ________ receptors.

Select one:

A.serotonin

B.dopamine

C.GABA

D.acetylcholine

C. GABA

Which of the following conditions is not described accurately?

Select one:

A.Multiple sclerosis is a musculoskeletal syndrome that produces muscular pain, stiffness, and spasms and is often accompanied by fatigue, gastrointestinal disorders, and depression.

B.ALS is a progressive peripheral nerve disorder that causes muscle weakness, tremor, and spasticity.

C.Myasthenia gravis is a neuromuscular autoimmune disorder that produces weakness in the eye and facial muscles, difficulty swallowing, and slurred speech.

D.Huntington's disease is a hereditary disease that causes involuntary jerky movements, impaired memory and judgment, and depression.

Clear my choice

A. Multiple sclerosis is a musculoskeletal syndrome that produces muscular pain, stiffness, and spasms and is often accompanied by fatigue, gastrointestinal disorders, and depression.

The anterior cingulate cortex is believed to be involved in

Select one:

A.color vision.

B.spatial memory.

C.emotional reactions to pain.

D.the physiological component of anxiety.

C. emotional reactions to pain

Which of the following is least likely to be an initial symptom of multiple sclerosis?

Select one:

A.impaired memory and attention

B.fatigue that worsens in the afternoon

C.blurred or double vision

D.heaviness, weakness, or loss of sensation in the legs

A. impaired memory and attention

Which of the following plays a role in regulating body temperature?

Select one:

A.hippocampus and hypothalamus

B.hypothalamus and thyroid

C.basal ganglia and thalamus

D.hindbrain and reticular activating system

B. hypothalamus and thyroid

Synesthesia is best conceptualized as

Select one:

A.a learned phenomenon.

B.the result of imagination.

C.a physical process in the brain.

D.a manifestation of the early stages of psychosis.

C. a physical process in the brain

Your new client, Annabelle, reports that she has felt fidgety and anxious and has been unable to sleep for the past few weeks. She also complains of heart palpitations, weight loss, and inability to focus on her schoolwork. Despite the cold weather, she is wearing a lightweight dress without a coat or sweater. Annabelle's symptoms are most suggestive of which of the following?

Select one:

A.hypomania

B.hyperthyroidism

C.Raynaud's disease

D.hypoglycemia

B. hyperthyroidism

According to the gate-control theory of pain, when __________ information is received, cells in the spinal cord act as a gate that blocks some incoming pain signals.

Select one:

A.important

B.too much

C.very little

D.insignificant

B. too much

The onset of puberty occurs when certain cells in the __________ secrete gonadotropin-releasing hormones.

Select one:

A.reticular formation

B.thalamus

C.hippocampus

D.hypothalamus

D. hypothalamus

Which of the following is a type of nonfluent aphasia that involves deficits in both receptive and expressive language?

Select one:

A.conduction aphasia

B.global aphasia

C.anomic aphasia

D.transcortical motor aphasia

B. global aphasia

Which of the following is not a peptide that has analgesic properties and plays a role in pain modulation?

Select one:

A.endozepines

B.endorphins

C.enkephalins

D.substance P

A. endozepines

Aaron is 24-year-old male referred for a neuropsychological evaluation after experiencing a cerebrovascular accident. The psychologist evaluating Aaron notices Aaron experiences difficulty with expressing himself and understanding speech and displays extreme deficits in writing abilities and completing simple math problems. The psychologist requested Aaron take a piece of paper in his right hand and place it on the floor, to which Aaron reached out for the paper with his left hand. When the psychologist asked Aaron to identify which fingers the psychologist was touching on Aarons hand, he was unable to complete this task. Which of the following neuropsychological conditions best accounts for Aaron's presenting symptoms?

Select one:

A.right hemispatial neglect

B.left hemispatial neglect

C.global aphasia

D.Gerstmann's syndrome

D. Gerstmann's syndrome

Bupropion and _________ share similar mechanisms of action (blockage of dopamine reuptake). Bupropion has shown a reinforcing of dependency-inducing action.

Select one:

A.cocaine

B.cannabis

C.heroin

D.fentanyl

A. cocaine

________ is a non-stimulant wakefulness-promoting drug used to combat daytime fatigue in patients with narcolepsy.

Select one:

A.Lamotrigine

B.Buspirone

C.Modafinil

D.Amisulpride

C. Modafinil

When a client presents with physiological symptoms of anxiety, you should consider all of the following potential underlying causes except _______.

Select one:

A.the withdrawal from CNS depressants

B.hyperthyroidism

C.the use of beta-blockers

D.illicit drug use

C. the use of beta-blockers

The drug _______, which blocks the action of acetylcholine, produces effects resembling manic symptoms, such as flight of ideas, talkativeness, and difficulties in concentration.

Select one:

A.donepezil

B.scopolamine

C.risperidone

D.aripiprazole

B. scopolamine

Which of the following produces schizophrenia-like symptoms, including out-of-body experiences, hallucinations, and cognitive deficits?

Select one:

A.ketamine

B.heroin

C.cannabis

D.cocaine

A. ketamine

A 63-year-old client presents with depression, affective flattening, restlessness with shuffling gait, and rhythmic hand movements. Which of the following conditions is the individual most likely experiencing?

Select one:

A.Parkinson's disease

B.Alzheimer's disease

C.Vascular dementia

D.Lewy body dementia

Clear my choice

A. Parkinson's disease

Individuals with an identical pair of genes on the two chromosomes are ________ for that gene.

Select one:

A.homozygous

B.heterozygous

C.dominant

D.recessive

A. homozygous

The symptoms of numbness, weakness, tremor, and ataxia that characterize multiple sclerosis are due to which of the following?

Select one:

A.lesions in the basal ganglia

B.demyelination

C.degeneration of ACh receptors

D.cerebellar atrophy

B. demyelination

Prolonged ________ deficiency, common in chronic alcohol abuse, leads to the death of neurons and a condition called Korsakoff's syndrome, marked as severe memory impairments.

Select one:

A.choline

B.amino acid

C.glucose

D.thiamine

D. thiamine

Which of the following neurotransmitters has been implicated in both long-term potentiation and the "excitotoxcity" that is believed to underlie several neurodegenerative disorders?

Select one:

A.glutamate

B.serotonin

C.acetylcholine

D.norepinephrine

A. glutamate

Which of the following is a protein complex that repeatedly transports three sodium ions out of the cell while drawing in two potassium ions?

Select one:

A.electrical gradient

B.sodium-potassium pump

C.concentration gradient

D.potassium channel

B. sodium-potassium pump

A membrane potential that varies in magnitude in proportion to the intensity of a stimulus is called a _________.

Select one:

A.graded potential

B.threshold of excitation

C.resting potential

D.concentration gradient

A. graded potential

Dr. Jordyn recently lost his mother to a lengthy battle with cancer. Shortly after this, his father became ill and Dr. Jordyn assumed a number of caretaking responsibilities for his father. Dr. Jordyn is also completing his post-doctoral fellowship in health psychology at a nearby hospital when a nationwide pandemic caused an influx of patients at the hospital. Dr. Jordyn witnessed patient losses, grieving families, and workforce shortages, all while managing his own grief and stress. Dr. Jordyn recently noticed an increase in heart palpitations and experienced an episode of syncope. According to Selye's (1956) model of response to long-term stress, which of the following stages is best represented in this scenario?

Select one:

A.exhaustion

B.resistance

C.alarm reaction

D.adaptation remittance

A. exhaustion

Which of the following is used to treat chronic alcohol use disorder?

Select one:

A.Buprenorphine

B.Naloxone

C.Methadone

D.Disulfiram

D. Disulfiram

Prolonged stress is harmful and causes the release of cortisol, which enhances metabolic activity throughout the body. When metabolic activity is high, cells become more vulnerable. Toxins or overstimulation are then more likely able to damage or kill neurons in which area of the brain?

Select one:

A.pineal gland

B.hippocampus

C.amygdala

D.hypothalamus

B. hippocampus

Clomipramine is thought to be highly effective for alleviating symptoms of Obsessive-Compulsive Disorder and trichotillomania. Through which mechanism of action is clomipramine exerting its effects to alleviate these symptoms?

Select one:

A.Mimics the effects of GABA at the neurotransmitter site

B.Blocks reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine

C.Mimics the effects of dopamine

D.Blocks reuptake of dopamine and GABA

B. Blocks reuptake of serotonin and norepinephrine

_________ suppresses the release of glutamate, the brain's main excitatory transmitter, and enhances the activity of GABA, the main inhibitory transmitter.

Select one:

A.Cannabis

B.Nerve growth factor (NGF)

C.Nicotine

D.Alcohol

D. Alcohol

An individual experiencing deficits in speech production has most likely sustained damage to which part of the brain?

Select one:

A.left hemisphere, frontal lobe

B.right hemisphere, frontal lobe

C.left hemisphere, temporal lobe

D.right hemisphere, temporal lobe

A. left hemisphere, frontal lobe

Which of the following is not considered a positive symptom of Parkinson's disease?

Select one:

A.mask-like facial expression

B.akinesia

C.akathisia

D.tremor

B. akinesia

__________ refers to an inability to recall the names of familiar objects.

Select one:

A.Anomia

B.Alexia

C.Agnosia

D.Apraxia

A. Anomia

A handwriting disorder that is characterized by difficulties in learning to write, and/or writing that is accurate but slow, or of poor quality, is referred to as which of the following?

Select one:

A.anosognosia

B.dysgraphia

C.agnosia

D.dyslexia

B. dysgraphia

As the result of brain damage, a 37-year-old woman has difficulty regulating the melody, intonation, vocal quality, and intensity of her speech. This is referred to as _______.

Select one:

A.dysarthria

B.dysosmia

C.dyspraxia

D.dysprosody

D. dysprosody

Hydrocephalus is due to abnormalities in which of the following?

Select one:

A.brain stem

B.ventricles

C.cerebral arteries

D.tegmentum

B. ventricles

An individual experiences sudden anxiety, rapid heart and respiratory rate, and increased blood pressure. This change in presentation is best attributed to increased activity in which part of the nervous system?

Select one:

A.sympathetic

B.peripheral

C.parasympathetic

D.somatic

A. sympathetic

An individual receiving pharmacological treatment for their mental health condition is experiencing flu-like symptoms, including vomiting, diarrhea, and abdominal pain along with fatigue, moderate difficulty coordinating voluntary muscle movement, tremors, and confusion. Which of the following conditions best reflects the individuals symptoms?

Select one:

A.Neuroleptic malignant syndrome

B.Agranulocytosis

C.Lithium toxicity

D.Serotonin syndrome

C. Lithium toxicity

Damage to which area of the brain would cause someone's movements to be illogical or disorganized? For example, someone may shower with their clothes on or pour water on a tube of toothpaste instead of the toothbrush.

Select one:

A.prefrontal cortex

B.supplementary motor cortex

C.premotor cortex

D.posterior parietal cortex

A. prefrontal cortex

A _______ is an extended period of unconsciousness caused by head trauma, stroke, or disease.

Select one:

A.brain death

B.coma

C.vegetative state

D.minimally conscious state

B. coma

An individual with decreased levels of serotonin combined with increased levels of norepinephrine are most likely to experience which of the following?

Select one:

A.mania

B.depression

C.anxiety

D.hallucinations

A. mania

Anything that stimulates the _______ strengthens the storage of recent memories and increases wakefulness.

Select one:

A.hypothalamus

B.medulla

C.reticular formation

D.locus coeruleus

D. locus coeruleus

One part of the reticular formation that contributes to cortical arousal and releases acetylcholine and glutamate is known as the _________.

Select one:

A.pontomesencephalon

B.basal forebrain

C.dorsal raphe

D.pons

A. pontomesencephalon

You're seeing a 10-year-old, female client for therapy and her parent informs you that the psychiatrist recently prescribed the client imipramine. Which of the following conditions is the psychiatrist most likely treating?

Select one:

A.Enuresis

B.Encopresis

C.Anxiety

D.Attention-Deficit/Hyperactivity Disorder

A. Enuresis

Which of the following is produced by damage to the cortex of the right parietal lobe and results in a failure to notice objects located on the left?

Select one:

A.blindsight

B.dualism

C.monism

D.unilateral neglect

D. unilateral neglect

Carol, is a 68-year-old, retired nurse who underwent a neuropsychological evaluation. Results indicate low average intelligence, word-finding difficulty, poor visuomotor coordination, deficits in problem solving, and memory impairment. Carol also has limited awareness of the identified deficits. What is the most likely diagnosis associated with Carol's symptoms?

Select one:

A.Lewy body dementia

B.Alzheimer's dementia

C.Korsakoff's syndrome

D.Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease

B. Alzheimer's dementia

The extrapyramidal motor symptoms associated with Parkinson's disease are caused primarily by an imbalance between which of the following neurotransmitters?

Select one:

A.dopamine and serotonin

B.epinephrine and norepinephrine

C.dopamine and acetylcholine

D.norepinephrine and acetylcholine

C. dopamine and acetylcholine

This subcortical area of the brain is associated with perception of pain.

Select one:

A.thalamus

B.hypothalamus

C.suprachiasmic nucleus

D.substantia nigra

A. thalamus

An individual who recently sustained a traumatic brain injury is having difficulty recognizing family members and acquaintances despite intact senses, alertness, attention, and visual perception. Which of the following conditions best accounts for this individual's presentation?

Select one:

A.agnosia

B.prosopagnosia

C.anosognosia

D.amnesia

B. prosopagnosia

Individuals in Non-REM Stage 2 sleep are most likely to experience which of the following predominant brainwave patterns?

Select one:

A.delta

B.beta

C.theta

D.alpha

C. theta

Which of the following pharmacological mechanisms of action produces effects similar to those produced by the neurotransmitter?

Select one:

A.inverse agonist

B.partial agonist

C.direct agonist

D.antagonist

C. direct agonist

________ is predominately a female hormone that prepares the uterus for the implantation of a fertilized ovum and promotes the maintenance of pregnancy.

Select one:

A.Testosterone

B.Estrogen

C.Estradiol

D.Progesterone

D. Progesterone

The drug _______ increases male sexual ability by prolonging the effects of nitric oxide.

Select one:

A.sildenafil

B.bremelanotide

C.filbanserin

D.provestra

A. sildenafil

Damage to which part of the brain blunts emotions in most regards, impairs decision making, and causes impulsive decisions without pausing to consider the consequences?

Select one:

A.cingulate gyrus

B.amygdala

C.hypothalamus

D.prefrontal cortex

Clear my choice

D. prefrontal cortex

Long-term potentiation takes place in which area of the brain?

Select one:

A.thalamus

B.pons

C.reticular formation

D.hippocampus

D. hippocampus

Which of the following enzymes breaks down the neurotransmitters dopamine, norepinephrine, and serotonin? Among maltreated children, the rate of antisocial behavior was significantly higher for those with low activity of this enzyme.

Select one:

A.monoamine oxidase A

B.5-hydroxyindoleacetic acid

C.adrenocorticotropic hormone

D.prion

A. monoamine oxidase A

Which of the following classes of medications can result in a tyramine-induced hypertensive crisis?

Select one:

A.Selective Serotonin Reuptake Inhibitors

B.Tricyclic Antidepressants

C.Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

D.Benzodiazepines

C. Monoamine Oxidase Inhibitors

Nicotine imitates the action of __________ and binds to nicotinic receptors.

Select one:

A.norepinephrine

B.GABA

C.serotonin

D.acetylcholine

D. acetylcholine

This area of the brain screens sensory input for danger and arouses higher centers of the brain when important information needs to be processed. Damage to this area disrupts the sleep-wake cycle and may result in a permanent, coma-like state of sleep.

Select one:

A.amygdala

B.reticular activating system

C.suprachiasmic nucleus

D.cingulate cortex

B. reticular activating system

A client presents to an outpatient clinic for treatment for their depressive symptoms. Their affect is flat, you observe signs of psychomotor retardation, and they stated they're tired all the time. The client reported experiencing difficulty with sleep maintenance and they have gained weight, but they aren't hungry. The client appears to have difficulty with recalling recent and remotes events and reported they often have difficulty concentrating. They report a loss of interest in activities and just want to get back to the way things were. As you complete a differential diagnosis, which of the following should you consider as a possible contributor to this clients symptoms?

Select one:

A.Addison's disease

B.Hyperthyroidism

C.Grave's disease

D.Hypothyroidism

D. Hypothyroidism

Wernicke's encephalopathy is due to which of the following?

Select one:

A.thiamine deficiency

B.vitamin C deficiency

C.vitamin K deficiency

D.anemia

A. thiamine deficiency