Chapter 10 - st

Prejudice

An affective prejudgment that is typically, but not always, negative towards a particular group and its members.

Stereotype

A belief about the characteristics, attributes, and behaviors of a group and its members, used to simplify and navigate the social world.

Discrimination

The unequal treatment of individuals based on their group membership.

Ingroup Bias

The positive evaluations we provide to the salient ingroup.

Outgroup Homogeneity Effect

The belief that all members of a given group are more similar to each other than members of our group are to each other.

Contact Hypothesis

The idea that mere contact between members of groups can reduce intergroup hostility and enhance positive intergroup relations.

Social Identity Theory

A theory proposing that people's self-esteem is influenced by the groups to which they belong and that they engage in social comparison.

Scapegoating

Occurs when one group unfairly claims another group has intentionally caused its misfortunes.

Relative Deprivation Theory

Discontent can breed resentment toward minorities and lead people to blame others for their own situation.

Automatic Activation of Stereotypes

Stereotypes can be activated automatically and guide behavior without the individual's knowledge.