Unit 3: Absolutism and Constitutionalism

Oliver Cromwell

Became Lord Protector of England after the English Civil War

Gentry and aristocracy are protected from absolutism through Parliament

outcome of the English Civil War and the Glorious Revolution

80 Year’s War

The Dutch gain independence after this war, with the Golden Age during and after it.

power struggle

After the Peace of Westphalia, religion was no longer the cause of the major wars in Europe, instead it was ___

Poland

This country gets partitioned by Prussia, Russia and Austria, leading to its disappearance

Ottomans

After the Battle of Vienna in 1683, their expansion into Europe is stopped

Jean-Baptiste Colbert

French statesman who stimulated the economy using mercantilism during Louis XIV’s reign

Peter the Great

Westernized Russia, moved the capital to Saint Petersburg

Frederick the Great

Led Prussia in the Silesian Wars and modernized Prussia, making them a great power of Europe

War of Spanish Succession

Charles II dies childless, sparking a war between the European powers, especially ones who didn’t want France to have a leader on each throne

Louis XIV

French Absolutist leader who ruled for over 70 years

William and Mary

Put on the English throne after the Glorious Revolution, agree to English Bill of RIghts

Jean Bodin

He thought that a monarch’s rule was divine

System of government in which the Monarch has complete power, and power is passed down through the generations

Absolute Monarch

Versailles

Where Louis XIV moved his palace to from Paris

Caordinal Richelieu

Minister for Louis XIII

Gustavus Adolphus

Swedish King who was a master tactician

Peace of Westphalia

Ended the 30 year'‘s War, along with Netherlands and the Swiss gaining independence, and the Peace of Augsburg being reinstated with Calvinism added as an acceptable religion