Ch. 5: Toward Independence

Militia

A small army made of ordinary citizens trained to fight in an emergency

Tyranny

Unjust use of power

Violation

Breaking an established rule or law

Repeal

To take back/cancel

Retain

To continue to keep

Boycott

Refuse to buy one or more goods

Restricted

To place limits or controls on something

Authority

The government or controlling power

People that did not take a side with regard to the policies and laws of Britain.

Who were the neutralists?

Patriots

Which group of Americans believed they were able to govern themselves and disagreed with Britain's policies and laws?

Loyalists

Which Americans felt deep loyalty to Britain and agreed with Britain's policies and laws?

Required colonists to pay taxes

How did the British government increase its control of the colonies?

Assemblies that passed laws

Before 1760, how did the colonists govern themselves?

Britain gained new territory and had a large war debt

What were the end results of the French & Indian War?

Proclamation of 1763

Which act (considered as tyranny) declared by the king ordered settlers to stay east of the Appalachian Mountains & Indians to stay to the west?

American Indians

Who benefited from the Proclamation of 1763?

Law that required all colonists to purchase a stamp for all printed materials

What was the Stamp Act?

No representatives to vote in Parliament

Why did the colonists resent the taxes Britain was placing on various items?

Sons of Liberty

Which group, led by Patriots, attacked tax collectors homes?

Repealed it

How did Parliament respond to the colonists' protests against the Stamp Act?

Townshend Acts

What laws placed a duty, or tax, on certain goods the colonies imported from Britain including glass, paint, paper, & tea?

Create anti-British propaganda

Why was the brawl that broke out between the colonists and soldiers, leading to several deaths, called the Boston Massacre?

Paul Revere

Who made engravings about the Boston Massacre to create propaganda to support the patriot cause?

Boston Tea Party

During which event did colonists disguise themselves as Native Americans and throw tea into the harbor?

Punishment for people of Boston after the Tea Party

Why were the Intolerable Acts put in place?

United colonies against Britain

What happened to the colonies once the Intolerable Acts were put in place?

Ungrateful rebels

How did many loyalists view the patriots?

As citizens of individual colonies

How did colonists view themselves in 1774?

To find a solution to the conflicts with Britain

What was a goal of the First Continental Congress?

Colonists were willing to fight for the right to govern themselves

What became evident when the colonists and British troops clashed at Lexington and Concord?

To keep the colonists safe from the American Indians

Why did Great Britain enact the Proclamation of 1763?

A law that required colonists to house and provide for British troops

What was the Quartering Act?

Britain was losing money

Why did the Townshend Acts fail?

British soldiers panicked during the riot and killed 5 colonists

What happened at the Boston Massacre?

He believed every person has a right to a fair trial

Why did John Adams defend the British soldiers at the trial of the Boston Massacre?

It gave the British East India Company a monopoly over tea sales in the colonies

What did the Tea Act do?