Basic Concepts- Module 1 Exam

Between Word Disfluencies

aka “normal disfluencies”

• interjections: um, like

• revisions: start saying one thing, go back and revise

• phrase repetitions: saying something again

everybody has these, not noticeable

could voluntary stop

Within Word Disfluencies

aka “stuttering type disfluencies”

• sound/syllable repetitions: l, l, l, / luh, luh, luh

• sound prolongations: audible sssss / inaudible sound block, nothing coming out although person is trying to say something

• monosyllabic whole word repetitions: own class most common in preschoolers

not everyone has, will catch your attention

not voluntary or controlled

Incidence of Stuttering

# of people who have ever stuttered in their lives

• common rule of thumb: 5%

• more recent studies suggest: 10%

many issues with the way this is measured, as many individuals stutter as young children and do not remember

Prevalence of Stuttering

# of people who are currently stuttering

• traditional rule of thumb: around 1%, likely 0.7%

• adults around 0.3%

• preschoolers around 2-3%

• school age around 1%

Secondary Behaviors

Anything that does not have to do with speaking but occurs along with stuttering

• blinking

• head tilt

• facial grimace

Clinical Diagnosis

• 3% or more stuttering like disfluencies in speech sample

  • very flawed metric, stuttering is variable

  • stuttering is not always overt, individuals avoid difficult sounds