plant organ system

What is the function of root hair cells?

To absorb water and mineral ions from the soil.

How are root hair cells adapted for water uptake?

They have thin cell walls and a large surface area for efficient osmosis.

What does xylem transport?

Water and mineral ions from roots to the rest of the plant.

Why are xylem walls strengthened by lignin?

To prevent the tubes from collapsing under pressure.

What does phloem transport?

Sugars (mainly sucrose) from the leaves to the rest of the plant.

What is the process of transporting sugars in plants called?

Translocation.

What is transpiration?

The loss of water vapour from the leaves through stomata.

How does light intensity affect transpiration rate?

It increases the rate of transpiration because stomata open in light.

How does humidity affect transpiration rate?

It decreases the rate because there is less evaporation when air is moist.

What is the role of guard cells?

To control the opening and closing of stomata, regulating gas exchange and water loss.